Noninvasive Ultrasonic Glucose Sensing with Large Pigs (∼200 Pounds) Using a Lightweight Cymbal Transducer Array and Biosensors
Noninvasive Ultrasonic Glucose Sensing with Large Pigs (∼200 Pounds) Using a Lightweight Cymbal Transducer Array and Biosensors
复制标题
使用轻型 Cymbal 传感器阵列和生物传感器对大型猪（约 200 磅）进行无创超声波葡萄糖传感
DOI：
10.1177/193229680900300316
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
N. Smith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
E. Park;J. Werner;J. Beebe;S. Chan;N. Smith
背景：为了预防糖尿病并发症，正确管理血糖水平至关重要。由于传统的血糖仪需要刺破手指或皮肤的其他区域，因此需要一种用于监测血糖水平的非侵入性方法。使用一个轻量级的钹传感器阵列，进行这项研究，以非侵入性地确定具有类似于人类大小的猪的葡萄糖水平。方法：使用8头猪（约200磅）分5组进行体内实验。将具有四个生物传感器的钹阵列附接到猪的腋窝区域。阵列在20 kHz下以等于50或100 mW/cm 2的特定峰-时间峰强度（Isptp）操作5、10或20分钟。超声照射后，使用生物传感器测定组织液的葡萄糖浓度。为了比较，通过商业葡萄糖计测量从耳静脉收集的血液样品的葡萄糖水平。结果：通过比较，钹阵列和生物传感器系统测定的葡萄糖水平与葡萄糖仪测定的葡萄糖水平接近。在Isptp = 100 mW/cm 2下超声暴露20分钟后，超声系统测定的平均葡萄糖水平为175 ± 7 mg/dl，接近血糖仪测定的166 ± 5 mg/dl。结论：结果表明，使用钹阵列的非侵入性葡萄糖传感的猪具有类似于人类的大小的可行性。将继续对超声条件（如频率、强度和暴露时间）进行进一步研究，以实现有效的葡萄糖感知。
Background: To prevent complications in diabetes, the proper management of blood glucose levels is essential. Since conventional glucose meters require pricking fingers or other areas of the skin, a noninvasive method for monitoring blood glucose levels is desired. Using a lightweight cymbal transducer array, this study was conducted to noninvasively determine the glucose levels of pigs having a similar size to humans. Method: In vivo experiments using eight pigs (∼200 pounds) were performed in five groups. A cymbal array with four biosensors was attached to the axillary area of the pig. The array was operated at 20 kHz at special peak-temporal peak intensity (Isptp) equal to 50 or 100 mW/cm2 for 5, 10, or 20 minutes. After the ultrasound exposure, glucose concentrations of the interstitial fluid were determined using biosensors. For comparison, glucose levels of blood samples collected from the ear vein were measured by a commercial glucose meter. Result: In comparison, glucose levels determined by a cymbal array and biosensor system were close to those measured by a glucose meter. After a 20-minute ultrasound exposure at Isptp = 100 mW/cm2, the average glucose level determined by the ultrasound system was 175 ± 7 mg/dl, which is close to 166 ± 5 mg/dl measured by the glucose meter. Conclusion: Results indicate the feasibility of using a cymbal array for noninvasive glucose sensing on pigs having a similar size to humans. Further studies on the ultrasound conditions, such as frequency, intensity, and exposure time, will be continued for effective glucose sensing.