Progress in physical activity over the Olympic quadrennium
Progress in physical activity over the Olympic quadrennium
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DOI：
10.1016/s0140-6736(16)30581-5
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发表时间：
2016-09-24
期刊：
影响因子：
168.9
通讯作者：
Hallal, Pedro C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sallis, James F.;Bull, Fiona;Hallal, Pedro C.
在2012年夏季奥运会前夕，第一篇关于身体活动的《柳叶刀》系列文章确定，缺乏身体活动是一种全球流行病，迫切需要采取全球公共卫生行动。本文总结了第一系列所涵盖主题的进展情况。在过去4年里，越来越多的国家一直在监测缺乏身体活动的流行情况，尽管有关流行情况有所改善的证据仍然很少。根据有关大脑健康的新证据，缺乏身体活动约占全球痴呆症病例的3.8%。在低收入和中等收入国家，对身体活动相关因素的研究有所增加，为制定与具体情况相关的干预措施提供了更好的证据基础。一项针对中低收入国家的研究发现，城市居民（与农村居民相比）缺乏身体活动的比例更高，鉴于全球城市化趋势，这是一个令人担忧的问题。来自低收入和中等收入国家的少量但越来越多的干预研究提供了初步证据，表明基于社区的干预措施可能是有效的。虽然约80%的国家报告制定了国家身体活动政策或计划，但只有约56%的国家实施了此类政策。在预期在增加身体活动方面取得进展之前，必须克服政策执行方面的重要障碍。尽管有进展的迹象，但仍需要努力改善身体活动监测、研究、干预能力和政策实施，特别是在中低收入国家。
On the eve of the 2012 summer Olympic Games, the first Lancet Series on physical activity established that physical inactivity was a global pandemic, and global public health action was urgently needed. The present paper summarises progress on the topics covered in the first Series. In the past 4 years, more countries have been monitoring the prevalence of physical inactivity, although evidence of any improvements in prevalence is still scarce. According to emerging evidence on brain health, physical inactivity accounts for about 3.8% of cases of dementia worldwide. An increase in research on the correlates of physical activity in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) is providing a better evidence base for development of context-relevant interventions. A finding specific to LMICs was that physical inactivity was higher in urban (vs rural) residents, which is a cause for concern because of the global trends toward urbanisation. A small but increasing number of intervention studies from LMICs provide initial evidence that community-based interventions can be effective. Although about 80% of countries reported having national physical activity policies or plans, such policies were operational in only about 56% of countries. There are important barriers to policy implementation that must be overcome before progress in increasing physical activity can be expected. Despite signs of progress, efforts to improve physical activity surveillance, research, capacity for intervention, and policy implementation are needed, especially among LMICs.