SYNCHRONIZATION OF TIMING AND MOTION AMONG PERFORMING MUSICIANS
SYNCHRONIZATION OF TIMING AND MOTION AMONG PERFORMING MUSICIANS
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DOI：
10.1525/mp.2009.26.5.427
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Palmer, Caroline
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goebl, Werner;Palmer, Caroline
摘要本研究探讨了听觉反馈、音乐角色和音符比例对合奏演奏同步的影响。钢琴家在钢琴键盘上演奏二重奏；弹奏上声部的钢琴家被指定为领奏，另一位钢琴家被指定为跟奏。他们收到了完整的听觉反馈，单向反馈（领导者听到自己的声音，而追随者听到两个部分），或者只有自我反馈。上半部分相对于下半部分包含更多、更少或相等数量的音符。时间上的不同步随着听觉反馈的减少而增加：钢琴家在其他钢琴家之前演奏了更多的音符，这种趋势随着反馈的减少而增加。尽管有领导/从者指示，但在充分反馈时，间隔时间提示双向调节，而在减少反馈时，间隔时间提示单向调节。动作分析表明，随着听觉反馈的减少，领导者将手指举得更高，钢琴家的头部动作变得更加同步。这些发现表明，当听觉信息缺失时，视觉线索变得更加重要。
WE INVESTIGATED INFLUENCES OF AUDITORY FEEDBACK, musical role, and note ratio on synchronization in ensemble performance. Pianists performed duets on a piano keyboard; the pianist playing the upper part was designated the leader and the other pianist was the follower. They received full auditory feedback, one-way feedback (leaders heard themselves while followers heard both parts), or self-feedback only. The upper part contained more, fewer, or equal numbers of notes relative to the lower part. Temporal asynchronies increased as auditory feedback decreased: The pianist playing more notes preceded the other pianist, and this tendency increased with reduced feedback. Interonset timing suggested bidirectional adjustments during full feedback despite the leader/follower instruction, and unidirectional adjustment only during reduced feedback. Motion analyses indicated that leaders raised fingers higher and pianists' head movements became more synchronized as auditory feedback was reduced. These findings suggest that visual cues became more important when auditory information was absent.