Heating up a cold subject: prospects for under-ice plankton research in lakes
Heating up a cold subject: prospects for under-ice plankton research in lakes
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DOI：
10.1093/plankt/fbv002
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Galloway, Aaron W. E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hampton, Stephanie E.;Moore, Marianne V.;Galloway, Aaron W. E.
如果生态系统的知识主要来自单一季节，生态系统结构的长期模式和驱动因素可能会被误解，这种情况在许多温带湖泊中很常见，对冬季的作用研究较少。在湖泊中，对于那些经历冬季结冰的湖泊来说，避免冬季研究的情况尤其明显，但关键的生态过程可能发生在冰下。即使当冰被雪遮挡时，只需2%的入射光就可以实现相对较高的光合作用，冬季的营养相互作用可能会产生全年的影响。在这里，我们提供了一系列需要注意的研究问题，以建立对湖泊季节性浮游生物动态的成熟理解。具体地说，我们要求淡水生态学家考虑冬季初级生产力的丰富和营养在多大程度上支持冰下的消费者，重组食物网，以及冬季营养动态的影响全年持续多长时间。此外，我们认识到，在有关冰冻时的物理和生物地球化学条件的知识方面存在一些重大差距。世界范围内冰层持续时间的缩短使得冰下研究势在必行，以便更充分地了解可能已经在进行的生态系统结构和功能的变化。
Long-term patterns and drivers of ecosystem structure may be misunderstood if knowledge of an ecosystem is derived primarily from a single season, a situation common in many temperate lakes where the role of winter has been less studied. In lakes, avoidance of winter research has been especially pronounced for those that experience winter ice, but critical ecological processes can take place under ice. Even when obscured by snow, ice transmitting as little as 2% incident light can allow relatively high rates of photosynthesis, and winter trophic interactions may have year-round repercussions. Here, we offer a suite of research questions that require attention, in order to build a mature understanding of seasonal plankton dynamics in lakes. Specifically, we ask freshwater ecologists to consider the extent to which abundance and nutrition of winter primary productivity supports consumers under the ice, reorganizes food webs, and how long the effects of winter trophic dynamics extend throughout the year. In addition, we recognize some critical gaps in knowledge about physical and biogeochemical conditions at the time of ice-off. Worldwide shortening in ice duration lends imperative to under-ice studies, in order to more fully understand changes in ecosystem structure and function that may already be underway.