A quantitative approach to the study of cell shapes and interactions during early chordate embryogenesis
A quantitative approach to the study of cell shapes and interactions during early chordate embryogenesis
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2005.12.044
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发表时间：
2006-02-21
期刊：
影响因子：
9.2
通讯作者：
Lemaire, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tassy, O;Daian, F;Lemaire, P
背景资料：最近，由于大量精确组织的定量分子数据的产生，破译胚胎发育背后的遗传程序的前景得到了提振。相比之下，尽管细胞的精确排列、相互作用和形状对于实现这一程序至关重要，但它们的描述仍然是粗糙和定性的。为了弥合这一差距，我们开发了一个通用软件，3D虚拟胚胎，以量化互动三维胚胎模型中细胞的几何形状和相互作用。我们采用这种方法，早期海鞘胚胎，选择，因为他们的简单性和他们的系统发育接近脊椎动物。结果：我们产生了19个相互作用的海鞘胚胎之间的2-和44-细胞阶段的集合。我们的特点是随着时间的推移，在不同的细胞谱系，细胞的体积和八个数学描述符的几何形状的演变，我们测量了相邻的卵裂球之间的接触表面。这些分析首次揭示了早期胚胎卵裂球具有令人惊讶的各种形状，这些形状似乎受到严格和动态的发育控制。第二，我们发现了新的不对称细胞分裂的后部植物谱系，产生了不同命运的姐妹细胞。第三，在神经诱导过程中，个别主管动物细胞和诱导植物卵裂球之间的接触区域的差异出现重要的选择诱导cells.Conclusions：除了新的洞察到细胞自主和诱导过程控制早期海鞘的发展，我们建立了一个通用的概念框架，胚胎几何形状的定量分析，可应用于其他模式生物。
Background: The prospects of deciphering the genetic program underlying embryonic development were recently boosted by the generation of large sets of precisely organized quantitative molecular data. In contrast, although the precise arrangement, interactions, and shapes of cells are crucial for the fulfilment of this program, their description remains coarse and qualitative. To bridge this gap, we developed a generic software, 3D Virtual Embryo, to quantify the geometry and interactions of cells in interactive three-dimensional embryo models. We applied this approach to early ascidian embryos, chosen because of their simplicity and their phylogenetic proximity to vertebrates.Results: We generated a collection of 19 interactive ascidian embryos between the 2- and 44-cell stages. We characterized the evolution with time, and in different cell lineages, of the volume of cells and of eight mathematical descriptors of their geometry, and we measured the surface of contact between neighboring blastomeres. These analyses first revealed that early embryonic blastomeres adopt a surprising variety of shapes, which appeared to be under strict and dynamic developmental control. Second, we found novel asymmetric cell divisions in the posterior vegetal lineages, which gave birth to sister cells with different fates. Third, during neural induction, differences in the area of contact between individual competent animal cells and inducing vegetal blastomeres appeared important to select the induced cells.Conclusions: In addition to novel insight into both cell-autonomous and inductive processes controlling early ascidian development, we establish a generic conceptual framework for the quantitative analysis of embryo geometry that can be applied to other model organisms.