Age-specific effect of heterozygosity on survival in alpine marmots, Marmota marmota
Age-specific effect of heterozygosity on survival in alpine marmots, Marmota marmota
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-294x.2009.04116.x
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发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Allaine, Dominique
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cohas, Aurelie;Bonenfant, Christophe;Allaine, Dominique
杂合性的适应性后果和支持它们的机制仍然是高度有争议的。使用捕获标记再捕获模型，我们研究了个体杂合性的影响，在16个微卫星标记，年龄依赖性生存和获得优势的社会一夫一妻制的哺乳动物物种，高山旱獭。我们发现标准化多位点杂合性和青少年生存之间呈正相关。然而，标准化多位点杂合性与老年个体的存活率或获得优势之间没有相关性。一个显着的杂合性健身相关性的消失时，被认为是比青少年的个体之间的生存差异是最大的生命早期的预测是一致的。杂合性和获得显性之间缺乏相关性可能是由于很少有纯合个体达到可能达到显性的年龄。已经提出了两种假说来解释杂合性-适合度的相关性：全基因组的影响反映了所有的标记或特定的标记与基因，决定健身的局部影响。根据全基因组的杂合性效应，我们发现在单个位点或两组8个位点之间计算的杂合性之间存在显着相关性。因此，全基因组杂合性效应似乎可以解释在高山旱獭中观察到的杂合性-适应性相关性。
The fitness consequences of heterozygosity and the mechanisms underpinning them are still highly controversial. Using capture-mark-recapture models, we investigated the effects of individual heterozygosity, measured at 16 microsatellite markers, on age-dependent survival and access to dominance in a socially monogamous mammalian species, the alpine marmot. We found a positive correlation between standardized multilocus heterozygosity and juvenile survival. However, there was no correlation between standardized multilocus heterozygosity and either survival of older individuals or access to dominance. The disappearance of a significant heterozygosity fitness correlation when individuals older than juveniles are considered is consistent with the prediction that differences in survival among individuals are maximal early in life. The lack of a correlation between heterozygosity and access to dominance may be a consequence of few homozygous individuals attaining the age at which they might reach dominance. Two hypotheses have been proposed to explain heterozygosity-fitness correlations: genome-wide effects reflected by all markers or local effects of specific markers linked to genes that determine fitness. In accordance with genome-wide effects of heterozygosity, we found significant correlations between heterozygosities calculated across single locus or across two sets of eight loci. Thus, the genome-wide heterozygosity effect seems to explain the observed heterozygosity-fitness correlation in the alpine marmot.