LOCATION OF AMINO ACID EXCHANGES IN CHEMICALLY EVOKED MUTANTS OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS.
LOCATION OF AMINO ACID EXCHANGES IN CHEMICALLY EVOKED MUTANTS OF TOBACCO MOSAIC VIRUS.
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烟草花叶病毒化学诱发突变体中氨基酸交换的位置。
DOI：
10.1021/bi00897a028
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发表时间：
1964
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
H. Fraenkel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Funatsu;H. Fraenkel
通过 Nagarse 的有限消化，烟草花叶病毒蛋白的大 N 端胰蛋白酶肽被片段化，并且在几个突变体中该肽中发生的氨基酸交换被定位。酶促方法和部分酸降解使得在分子的其他部分也可以进行局部交换。在我们实验室观察到并定位的约 44 个交换中，有 24 个位于 N 端和 C 端 25 个残基片段。我们或其他地方没有发现在由残基108-122组成的片段中与野生型不同的突变体或天然菌株，并且在前面的8个残基片段中观察到很少的交换。我们观察到的不同交换总数为 13 个，其中 4 个经常重复出现，并且通常涉及肽链中相同的氨基酸残基。讨论了导致已知密码子交换的机制。过去几年，我们的实验室和图宾根马克斯普朗克生物研究所对烟草花叶病毒（TMV）1化学诱发突变体的蛋白质结构进行了研究（Tsugita和Fraenkel-Conrat，1962年；Tsugita，1962a； Wittmann，1962），希望这些能够提供有关遗传密码的明确信息。在这两个实验室中，许多研究的突变体都显示出一两个氨基酸残基的替换，更罕见的是三个氨基酸残基的替换，而许多其他突变体则没有显示出交换。尽管这些交换分散在整个序列中，但它们经常发生在肽 12 中（Tsugita，1962a）。没有尝试将这些氨基酸交换定位在肽 1 中，因为与肽 1 的大小（四十一个氨基酸）和某些肽键的不稳定性相关的技术困难。在本文中，我们提供了先前报道的十个菌株和九个新菌株中这些氨基酸替换的位置的数据。
Through the use of limited digestion by Nagarse the big N-terminal tryptic peptide of tobacco mosaic virus protein was fragmented and the amino acid exchanges occurring in this peptide in several mutants were localized. Enzymatic methodsand partial acid degradation made it possible to localize exchanges also inother parts of the molecule. Of about forty-four ex-changes observed and localized in our laboratory twenty-four were in the N-terminal and C-terminal 25-residue segments. No mutant or natural strain was found by us or elsewhere which differed from the wild type in the segment comprised by residues 108-122, andvery few ex-changes have been observed in the preceding 8-residue segment. The total number of dif-ferent exchanges observed by us were thirteen, four of which recurred frequently and usually involved the same amino acid residues in the peptide chain. The mechanism leading to ex-changes in terms of known codons was discussed.Studies on the protein structure of chemically evoked mutants of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) 1 have been carried out over the past years in our laboratory and at the Max Planck Instituí für Biologie at Tübingen (Tsugita and Fraenkel-Conrat, 1962; Tsugita, 1962a; Wittmann, 1962), in the hope that these would supply definite information about the genetic code. In both laboratories many of the mutants studied showed re-placements of one or two and more rarely three amino acid residues, while many others showed no exchanges. Though these exchanges were scattered over the entire sequence, they occurred frequently in peptide 12 (Tsugita, 1962a). The localization of these amino acid exchanges in peptide 1 was not attempted because of technical difficulties related to its size (forty-one amino acids) and to the lability of some of its peptide bonds. In this paper we present data on the location of these amino acid replacements in ten strains previously re-ported and in nine new strains.