FACTORS INFLUENCING MILK AND MILK PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN YOUNG AND ELDERLY WOMEN WITH LOW-CALCIUM INTAKES
FACTORS INFLUENCING MILK AND MILK PRODUCT CONSUMPTION IN YOUNG AND ELDERLY WOMEN WITH LOW-CALCIUM INTAKES
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DOI：
10.1016/0271-5317(95)02043-8
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发表时间：
1995-12-01
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
SCOTT, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HORWATH, CC;GOVAN, CH;SCOTT, V
本研究的目的是调查影响钙摄入量低于每日推荐摄入量三分之二的年轻和老年女性牛奶和奶制品摄入量的因素。对 71 名 70 岁以上的女性和 22 名 19-23 岁的女性进行了半结构化、开放式访谈。问题涉及牛奶和奶制品摄入量的变化以及变化的原因；对增加奶或奶制品摄入量可能对健康产生影响的看法；奶或奶制品消费量低的原因；并愿意增加各种富含钙的食物的摄入量。一项针对新西兰某个城镇所有 70 岁以上居民的营养和健康研究确定了老年低钙消费者。这些年轻女性是从大学营养系学生中挑选出来的低钙消费者。老年女性最有可能认为增加牛奶或磨粉；产品的摄入要么不会影响他们的健康，要么会对糖尿病、高胆固醇或高血压以及心脏病等疾病产生不利影响。尽管年轻女性更有可能认识到摄入更多牛奶（以及较小程度上的奶制品）对健康的潜在好处，但所有认为增加摄入量对她们有害的人都给出了体重增加的理由。约 13-18% 的女性曾被医生建议从饮食中去除牛奶或奶制品，通常是出于不适当的原因。对于这两个年龄段的人来说，不喜欢是不喝更多牛奶的最重要原因；然而，健康问题是不消费更多其他乳制品的主要原因。有必要积极纠正妇女（特别是老年妇女）和医生之间关于奶或奶制品对健康状况的不利影响的误解。对于年轻女性来说，需要强调的是，控制体重并不需要从饮食中排除牛奶或奶制品。需要制定计划来提高人们对现有各种低脂牛奶和奶制品及其对骨骼健康的潜在益处的认识。
The aim of this research was to investigate factors influencing milk and milk product consumption in young and elderly women consuming less than two-thirds of the RDA for calcium. Semi-structured, open-ended interviews were conducted with 71 women over 70 years and 22 women aged 19-23 years. Questions addressed changes in milk and milk product intake, and reasons for changes; perceptions of the likely effects of an increased intake of milk or milk products on health; reasons for low consumption of milk or milk products; and willingness to increase intake of various calcium-rich foods. The elderly low-calcium consumers were identified from a nutrition and health study of all people over 70 years residing in one New Zealand town. The young women were low-calcium consumers identified from a university class of nutrition students. Older women were most likely to perceive that increasing their milk or mill; product intake would have either no effect on their health or adverse effects on conditions such as diabetes, high blood cholesterol or blood pressure, and heart problems. Although young women were more likely to perceive potential health benefits from consuming more milk (and to a lesser extent milk products), an increase in body weight was the reason given by all those who believed an increased intake would be bad for them. Some 13-18% of women had been advised by doctors to eliminate milk or milk products from their diet, usually for inappropriate reasons. For both age groups, dislike was the most important reason for not consuming more milk; however health concerns were the primary reason for not consuming more of the other dairy products. There is need to actively counter misconceptions amongst both women (particularly elderly women) and doctors, concerning adverse effects of milk or milk products on health conditions. For young women, emphasis is needed that weight control does not require the exclusion of milk or milk products from the diet. Programs are required to increase awareness of the wide range of low-fat milks and milk products now available, and of the potential benefits of these for bone health.