Injury inequalities among U.S. construction workers.
Injury inequalities among U.S. construction workers.
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DOI：
10.1080/15459624.2021.1888958
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发表时间：
2021-04-01
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Dong, Xiuwen Sue
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Brown, Samantha;Brooks, Raina D;Dong, Xiuwen Sue
本研究探讨了美国建筑工人工伤中的种族/民族不平等。来自2004-2017年全国健康访谈调查的数据用于按种族/民族估计建筑中的工伤。建筑工人在人口统计学、社会经济和伤害状况方面的差异按种族/民族进行了检查。在控制潜在混杂因素的多重逻辑回归分析中也评估了损伤差异。与非西班牙裔白人工人相比，少数民族工人的社会经济地位更低（例如，受教育程度较低、缺乏医疗保险、家庭收入低于贫困水平），这大大增加了工伤的可能性。在建筑行业中，少数种族/族裔的工伤几率比白人、非西班牙裔高出70%。少数族裔工人的受伤情况也比非西班牙裔白人工人更严重。在因工受伤的工人中，近85%的西班牙裔美国人报告说，他们因伤至少缺勤一个工作日，比白人、非西班牙裔美国人的比例（57.9%）高出45.6%。在调整了主要的人口和社会经济因素后，种族/民族之间的工伤差异不再具有统计学意义。然而，年龄较小的工人（35-54岁vs.≥55岁：aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.6）发生工伤的几率仍然明显较高；男性（aOR = 5.3, 95% CI: 2.9-9.8）；未受过大学教育（aOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.2）；家庭收入低于贫困线（aOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8）；或从事蓝领职业（aOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.4）。这些发现表明，种族/民族之间的伤害差异与这些工人群体的人口统计学和社会经济不平等密切相关。确定的伤害差异应减少或消除，遵循对照的层次结构范式。
This study explores racial/ethnic inequalities in work-related injuries among U.S. construction workers. Data from the 2004-2017 National Health Interview Survey were used to estimate work-related injuries by race/ethnicity in construction. Disparities in demographic, socioeconomic, and injury status among construction workers were examined by race/ethnicity. Injury differences were also evaluated in multiple logistic regression analyses controlling for potential confounders. Compared to white, non-Hispanic workers, minority workers were more likely to have lower socioeconomic statuses (e.g., lower educational attainment, lack of health insurance coverage, and family income below the poverty level), which considerably increased the likelihood of work-related injuries. The odds of work-related injuries were 70% higher among racial/ethnic minorities than white, non-Hispanics in construction. Injuries were also more severe among minorities than white, non-Hispanic workers. Among workers with a work-related injury, nearly 85% of Hispanics reported missing at least one workday due to injury, 45.6% higher than the proportion of 57.9% for their white, non-Hispanic counterparts. After adjusting for major demographic and socioeconomic factors, the work-related injury difference between race/ethnicity was no longer statistically significant. However, the odds of work-related injury remained significantly higher among workers who were younger (35-54years vs. ≥ 55years: aOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.3-3.6); male (aOR = 5.3, 95% CI: 2.9-9.8); not college-educated (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI: 1.0-2.2); had a family income below the poverty threshold (aOR = 1.8, 95% CI: 1.2-2.8); or held a blue-collar occupation (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.2-3.4). These findings suggest that the injury differences between race/ethnicity were strongly associated with demographics and socioeconomic inequalities in these worker groups. The identified injury disparities should be reduced or eliminated, following the hierarchy of controls paradigm.