High Plasmodium infection intensity in naturally infected malaria vectors in Africa
High Plasmodium infection intensity in naturally infected malaria vectors in Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.05.012
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发表时间：
2020-10-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Cohuet, Anna
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bompard, Anais;Da, Dari F.;Cohuet, Anna
人蚊疟疾野外传播的种群动态对疟疾的遗传学、流行病学和控制具有重要意义。从单一自然获得的传染性血餐（此处称为单一饲料感染负荷）中形成的卵囊阳性蚊子的卵囊数量极大地影响了传播阻断干预措施的效果，但仍缺乏文献记载。在对布基纳法索疟疾寄生虫传播进行为期一年的分析期间，我们捕获并解剖了野生疟疾病媒，以评估疟原虫卵囊的流行和负荷（在可检测到卵囊的蚊子中计数的卵囊数量）以及唾液腺孢子虫的流行。这与疟疾在人口中的流行进行了比较，并通过横断面调查进行了评估。使用一种新的传播数学模型对数据进行分析，以估计每个地点的每一口传播概率和平均单次进食感染负荷。在自然感染的蚊子中观察到的卵囊负荷和估计的单饲料感染负荷大大高于以前的估计（根据季节和地点，平均值在3.2至24.5之间），并表明单饲料感染负荷与人类寄生虫流行率之间存在强烈的正相关。这项工作表明，高度感染的蚊子在野外并不罕见，并且可能对寄生虫的流行病学和遗传学以及新型传播阻断干预措施的有效性产生更大的影响。(C) 2020作者。由Elsevier Ltd代表澳大利亚寄生虫学学会出版。
The population dynamics of human to mosquito malaria transmission in the field has important implications for the genetics, epidemiology and control of malaria. The number of oocysts in oocyst-positive mosquitoes developing from a single, naturally acquired infectious blood meal (herein referred to as a single-feed infection load) greatly influences the efficacy of transmission blocking interventions but still remains poorly documented. During a year-long analysis of malaria parasite transmission in Burkina Faso we caught and dissected wild malaria vectors to assess Plasmodium oocyst prevalence and load (the number of oocysts counted in mosquitoes with detectable oocysts) and the prevalence of salivary gland sporozoites. This was compared with malaria endemicity in the human population, assessed in cross-sectional surveys. Data were analysed using a novel transmission mathematical model to estimate the per bite transmission probability and the average single-feed infection load for each location. The observed oocyst load and the estimated single-feed infection load in naturally infected mosquitoes were substantially higher than previous estimates (means ranging from 3.2 to 24.5 according to seasons and locations) and indicate a strong positive association between the single-feed infection load and parasite prevalence in humans. This work suggests that highly infected mosquitoes are not rare in the field and might have a greater influence on the epidemiology and genetics of the parasite, and on the efficacy of novel transmission blocking interventions. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology.