Kallikreins - The melting pot of activity and function.
Kallikreins - The melting pot of activity and function.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.biochi.2015.09.023
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发表时间：
2016-03
期刊：
影响因子：
3.9
通讯作者：
Potempa J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kalinska M;Meyer-Hoffert U;Kantyka T;Potempa J
人组织激肽释放酶和激肽释放酶相关肽酶（KLK）由人类基因组中最大的蛋白酶基因连续簇编码，是具有不同表达模式和生理作用的分泌型丝氨酸蛋白酶。由于由激肽释放酶调节的广泛的过程，这些蛋白酶是广泛研究的主题。这篇综述汇集了影响酶活性的生化特性的基本信息，重点介绍了翻译后修饰，特别是糖基化。此外，我们目前的知识状态KLK在人体主要器官的生理功能，并概述了最近的发现相关的激肽释放酶参与细胞信号传导和病毒感染。尽管目前对这些酶的了解很深入，但关于激肽释放酶在健康和疾病中的作用的许多问题仍然没有答案。
The human tissue kallikrein and kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs), encoded by the largest contiguous cluster of protease genes in the human genome, are secreted serine proteases with diverse expression patterns and physiological roles. Because of the broad spectrum of processes that are modulated by kallikreins, these proteases are the subject of extensive investigations. This review brings together basic information about the biochemical properties affecting enzymatic activity, with highlights on post-translational modifications, especially glycosylation. Additionally, we present the current state of knowledge regarding the physiological functions of KLKs in major human organs and outline recent discoveries pertinent to the involvement of kallikreins in cell signaling and in viral infections. Despite the current depth of knowledge of these enzymes, many questions regarding the roles of kallikreins in health and disease remain unanswered.