Plant Response: UV-B Avoidance Mechanisms
Plant Response: UV-B Avoidance Mechanisms
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DOI：
10.1002/9781119143611.ch12
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发表时间：
2017-02
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. Gupta;Marisha Sharma;F. Deeba;V. Pandey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Gupta;Marisha Sharma;F. Deeba;V. Pandey
最近的报告表明，UV-B 损伤和修复的分子机制已通过拟南芥等遗传工具进行了详细研究，包括 MAPK 基因的参与，可防止更高剂量的 UV-B 以及植物中 UV-B 的靶标（例如 DNA、脂质和蛋白质）。在评估增强型 UV-B 之前，有必要了解环境 UV-B 的影响和修复机制。侧链在紫外线范围内吸收的三个氨基酸残基是芳香族残基色氨酸 (Trp)、酪氨酸 (Tyr) 和苯丙氨酸 (Phe)。植物已经发展出一些回避机制来应对紫外线辐射，如高海拔植物表皮蜡含量增加、果胶内吞作用以及花青素的回避机制。最终产量或生物量受到 UV-B 辐射影响的各种参数的影响，包括花或生殖器官的形态变化、叶绿素浓度、光合作用、叶面积和果实保留的减少。
Recent reports indicate that the molecular mechanism of UV‐B damage and repair has been studied in detail with genetic tools such as Arabidopsis, including involvement of the MAPK gene protecting against higher doses of UV‐B and targets of UV‐B in plants such as DNA, lipids, and protein. It is essential to understand the effect and repair mechanisms of ambient UV‐B, prior to the evaluation of enhanced UV‐B. The three amino acid residues whose side chains absorb in the UV range are the aromatic residues tryptophan (Trp), tyrosine (Tyr) and phenylalanine (Phe). Plants have developed some avoiding mechanisms to cope up with UV radiations, as increased epicuticular wax content in high altitude plants, pectin endocytosis, and avoidance by anthocyanin. The final yield or biomass is influenced by various parameters that are affected by UV‐B radiation, including morphological change in floral or reproductive organs, decrease in chlorophyll concentration, photosynthesis, leaf area, and fruit retention.