Hyperbranched phosphorus flame retardants: multifunctional additives for epoxy resins
Hyperbranched phosphorus flame retardants: multifunctional additives for epoxy resins
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DOI：
10.1039/c9py00737g
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发表时间：
2019-08-21
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Schartel, Bernhard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Battig, Alexander;Markwart, Jens C.;Schartel, Bernhard
我们成功地合成了不同氧氮比(O：N)的多功能磷基超支化聚合物阻燃剂(HB-FRS)，并用~(1)H、P-31核磁共振和凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)对其进行了表征。用差示扫描量热法(DSC)测定了它们在环氧树脂(EP)中的相容性及其对玻璃化转变温度(T-g)的影响。利用热重和析出气体分析(TGA、TG-FTIR)、裂解气相色谱/质谱仪(Py-GC-MS)、热解阶段FTIR、UL-94和LOI燃烧试验、锥形量热仪燃烧试验、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)残渣分析和元素分析，提出了详细的分解机理和作用模式。HB-聚合物阻燃材料改善了相容性和热稳定性，即使在低负荷下也能获得高阻燃性能。聚合物、复合阻燃剂提高了阻燃性，减轻了低分子量变种的负面影响，可以与市售的芳香族阻燃剂竞争。研究结果说明了HB-FRS的化学结构在阻燃中的作用，突出了HB-FRS作为多功能添加剂的潜力。
We successfully synthesized multifunctional P-based hyperbranched polymeric flame retardants (hb-FRs) with varying oxygen-to-nitrogen (O : N) content and characterized them via(1)H and P-31 NMR and GPC. Their miscibility in epoxy resins (EP) and impact on glass-transition temperatures (T-g) were determined via differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Using thermogravimetric and evolved gas analysis (TGA, TG-FTIR), pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), hot stage FTIR, flammability tests UL-94 and LOI, fire testing via cone calorimetry, residue analysis via scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis, detailed decomposition mechanisms and modes of action are proposed. hb-polymeric FRs have improved miscibility and thermal stability, leading to high FR performance even at low loadings. Polymeric, complex FRs increase flame retardancy, mitigate negative effects of low molecular weight variants, and can compete with commercial aromatic FRs. The results illustrate the role played by the chemical structure in flame retardancy and highlight the potential of hb-FRs as multifunctional additives.