Drivers of species richness and community integrity of small forest patches in an agricultural landscape
Drivers of species richness and community integrity of small forest patches in an agricultural landscape
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DOI：
10.1111/jvs.12689
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发表时间：
2018-11
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Krista Takkis;T. Kull;Tiit Hallikma;Piia Jaksi;Karin Kaljund;K. Kauer;Thea Kull;O. Kurina;M. Kü
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文献类型：
--
作者：
Krista Takkis;T. Kull;Tiit Hallikma;Piia Jaksi;Karin Kaljund;K. Kauer;Thea Kull;O. Kurina;M. Kü
问题欧洲长期的碎片化和土地利用创造了一种小片森林镶嵌在农业景观中的景观格局。这些小片森林可能是在集约化管理的农业生态系统中保持物种丰富和生态系统功能的为数不多的栖息地之一。我们问，在农业景观中，哪些因素决定了小型森林斑块的维管植物物种丰富度、群落组成和森林群落完整性？爱沙尼亚东北部。方法将岛屿生物地理学理论(斑块面积和隔离度)与周围景观和斑块内当地环境条件的特性相结合，研究斑块内物种丰富度和群落完整性的驱动因素。结果斑块面积和当地环境因素(林下光照条件和土壤反应)共同决定了物种丰富度和群落完整性。总物种丰富度和森林通才仅与斑块面积相关，而森林专家还依赖于斑块光照条件。森林斑块中草地专家的物种丰富度随着周围景观中自然生境数量的增加而增加，而同居物种的存在与土壤反应呈正相关。面积越大、遮荫程度越高、土壤反应越小的斑块，森林群落的完整性越高，这为森林群落提供了适宜的条件，并阻止了其他生境物种的入侵。结论在一套包括有利景观和当地环境条件的适当条件下，即使是较小的森林斑块，也可以为农业景观中的森林和草地群落提供栖息地。为了对生物多样性格局做出可靠的预测，需要同时考虑物种组成、环境和景观条件的综合方法。
QuestionsLong‐term fragmentation and land use in Europe have created a landscape pattern where small forest patches are embedded among agricultural landscapes. These small forest patches can be one of the few habitats left to maintain the species richness and ecosystem functions within intensively managed agroecosystems. We ask, which factors determine vascular plant species richness, community composition and forest community integrity in small forest patches in an agricultural landscape?LocationNE Estonia.MethodsWe combine island biogeographic theory (patch area and isolation) with the properties of the surrounding landscape and local environmental conditions within a patch to study the drivers of species richness and community integrity.ResultsPatch area together with local environmental factors (understorey light conditions and soil reaction) determined both species richness and community integrity. Total species richness and forest generalists were related to patch area alone, whereas forest specialists were additionally dependent on patch light conditions. Species richness of grassland specialists in the forest patches increased with the amount of natural habitat in the surrounding landscape, while the presence of synanthropic species was positively related to soil reaction. Forest community integrity was higher in larger, more shaded patches with low soil reaction, which together defined suitable conditions for forest communities and hindered the intrusion of species from other habitats.ConclusionsUnder a suitable set of conditions, encompassing both favourable landscape and local environmental conditions, even small forest patches can provide habitat for both forest and grassland communities in agricultural landscapes. Comprehensive approaches, considering species composition, environment and landscape conditions simultaneously, are needed for making reliable predictions of biodiversity patterns.