General Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxide Ultrafine Nanoparticles Embedded in Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanofibers as Advanced Electrodes for Lithium Storage
General Synthesis of Transition Metal Oxide Ultrafine Nanoparticles Embedded in Hierarchically Porous Carbon Nanofibers as Advanced Electrodes for Lithium Storage
复制标题
嵌入多级多孔碳纳米纤维中的过渡金属氧化物超细纳米粒子作为先进锂存储电极的一般合成
DOI：
10.1002/adfm.201601685
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发表时间：
2016-09-13
影响因子：
19
通讯作者：
Yu, Xuebin
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xia, Guanglin;Zhang, Lijun;Yu, Xuebin
开发了一种独特的通用、大规模、简单和经济有效的方法，即发泡辅助电纺，将各种过渡金属氧化物制备成均匀嵌入到分级多孔碳纳米纤维中的超细纳米颗粒(TMOS UNPS)。利用金属叠氮化物在碳化过程中的强烈排斥力作为造孔剂，同时实现了均匀分布的TMOS、UNPS和HPCNFS的形成。具有均匀分布的均匀超小TMOS纳米粒子与具有互联纳米结构的分级多孔碳纳米纤维相结合，可以有效地避免TMO的聚集、溶解和粉化，促进锂离子和电子在整个电极上的快速三维传输，提高电极的导电性和结构完整性。因此，作为锂离子电池的无粘结剂负极材料，它们具有优异的可逆容量、优异的容量保持率、高的库仑效率、良好的倍率性能和优异的高倍率循环性能，具有优异的电化学性能。更重要的是，本工作为制备分布在一维多孔碳结构中的各种超小金属/金属氧化物开辟了广阔的前景，导致了先进的性能，并使其具有巨大的大规模应用潜力。
A unique general, large-scale, simple, and cost-effective strategy, i.e., foaming-assisted electrospinning, for fabricating various transition metal oxides into ultrafine nanoparticles (TMOs UNPs) that are uniformly embedded in hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers (HPCNFs) has been developed. Taking advantage of the strong repulsive forces of metal azides as the pore generator during carbonization, the formation of uniform TMOs UNPs with homogeneous distribution and HPCNFs is simultaneously implemented. The combination of uniform ultrasmall TMOs UNPs with homogeneous distribution and hierarchically porous carbon nanofibers with interconnected nanostructure can effectively avoid the aggregation, dissolution, and pulverization of TMOs, promote the rapid 3D transport of both Li ions and electrons throughout the whole electrode, and enhance the electrical conductivity and structural integrity of the electrode. As a result, when evaluated as binder-free anode materials in Li-ion batteries, they displayed extraordinary electrochemical properties with outstanding reversible capacity, excellent capacity retention, high Coulombic efficiency, good rate capability, and superior cycling performance at high rates. More importantly, the present work opens up a wide horizon for the fabrication of a wide range of ultrasmall metal/metal oxides distributed in 1D porous carbon structures, leading to advanced performance and enabling their great potential for promising large-scale applications.