Theoretical biology in the third millennium
Theoretical biology in the third millennium
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DOI：
10.1098/rstb.1999.0535
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发表时间：
1999-12-29
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Brenner, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brenner, S
在20世纪世纪，我们对遗传学和基因表达过程的理解经历了革命性的变化。改进的技术已经确定了活细胞的组成部分，遗传密码的知识使我们能够可视化从基因型到表型的途径。我们现在可以测定整个基因的序列，改进的克隆技术使我们能够在器官之间转移基因，从而更好地了解它们的功能。由于分析工具的能力的提高，序列信息数据库正以指数速度增长。不久，基因组的完整序列和所有蛋白质的三维结构就可能为人们所知。我们在新千年面临的问题是如何以一种有意义的方式应用这些数据。由于基因携带着生物体的规格，而且它们也记录着进化的变化，我们需要设计一个理论框架，卡尔·雷克解释通过生物系统的信息流。
During the 20tll century our understanding of genetics and the processes of gene expression have undergone revolutionary change. Improved technology has identified the components of the living cell, and knowledge of the genetic code allows us to visualize the pathway from genotype to phenotype. We can now sequence entire genes, and improved cloning techniques enable us to transfer genes between organ isms, giving a better understanding of their function. Due to the improved power of analytical tools databases of sequence information are growing at an exponential rate. Soon complete sequences of genomes and the three-dimensional structure of all proteins may be known. The question we face in the new millennium is how to apply this data in a meaningful way Since the genes carry the specification of an organism, and because they also record evolutionary changes, we need to design a theoretical framework that carl rake account of the flow of information through biological systems.