Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines: 15 years of application
Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) guidelines: 15 years of application
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DOI：
10.1586/eci.09.1
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发表时间：
2009-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Kroegel, Claus
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kroegel, Claus
全球哮喘防治倡议（GINA）成立于1993年，是一个由公共卫生组织和医学协会以及其他与哮喘有关的个人组成的网络。其第一份报告于1995年发表，题为"哮喘管理和预防的全球战略"，已被广泛采用，为世界各地许多国家的哮喘指南提供了基础。为此，报告不仅被翻译成几种语文，而且还经常更新。自15年前成立以来，GINA经历了两次重大的范式转变。第一个变化是在20世纪90年代后期从一个意见-以证据为基础的方法来管理哮喘的严重程度。2006年，修订后的GINA指南根据控制水平对哮喘严重程度进行了分类，作为治疗指南。为了对哮喘控制进行分类，介绍了患者和护理人员之间伙伴关系的重要性、患者教育、指导性自我管理和治疗目标等要素。除了编写哮喘管理指南和报告外，GINA还积极参与组织和协调世界哮喘日、区域倡议和GINA研讨会。总体而言，自1995年首次出版以来的15年中，GINA指南为世界各地许多国家的哮喘战略提供了基础。这一进程今后很可能继续下去。在本文中，将讨论有关GINA项目的指南和其他问题的发展历史。
The Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA), founded in 1993, embodies a network of public health organizations and medical societies, as well as other individuals concerned with asthma. Its first report, published in 1995 and entitled 'A Global Strategy for Asthma Management and Prevention', has been widely adopted, providing the foundation for asthma guidelines in many nations across the world. To this effect, the report has not only been translated into several languages but has also been frequently updated. Since its establishment 15 years ago, GINA has undergone two major paradigm shifts. The first was the change in the late 1990s from an opinion- to an evidence-based approach for the management of asthma severity. The second, an even more radical shift, was seen in 2006, when the revised GINA guidelines involved the classification of asthma severity according to the level of control as a guide to treatment. In order to classify asthma control, elements such as the significance of the partnership between the patient and caregiver, patient education, guided self-management and treatment goals were introduced. In addition to compiling guidelines and reports for the management of asthma, GINA is actively involved in organizing and coordinating the World Asthma Day, regional initiatives and GINA symposia. On the whole, during the 15 years since their original publication in 1995, the GINA guidelines have provided the basis for many national asthma strategies around the world. This course is most likely to continue in the future. In this paper, the history of the development of the guidelines and other issues regarding the GINA project will be addressed.