The Effects of Collateral Consequences of Criminal Involvement on Employment, Use of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, and Health.
The Effects of Collateral Consequences of Criminal Involvement on Employment, Use of Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, and Health.
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犯罪参与的附带后果对就业、贫困家庭临时援助的使用和健康的影响。
DOI：
10.1080/03630242.2015.1022814
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Kneipp,ShawnM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sheely,Amanda;Kneipp,ShawnM
刑事定罪往往伴随着附带后果，限制了弱势妇女最常依赖的就业和社会服务形式-无论罪行的严重程度如何。这些后果可能在社会经济地位和性别造成的健康差异永久化方面发挥重要作用。我们研究了迄今为止的研究在多大程度上评估了刑事定罪是否可能通过限制获得贫困家庭临时援助（TANF）和就业来影响妇女的健康，作为次要或“附带”的刑事定罪相关后果。我们回顾了从三个电子文章数据库中检索到的434篇同行评议期刊文章和来自三个研究机构的197份研究报告。两名评审员使用标准化编码方案从每篇合格文章或报告中独立提取数据。在本综述中纳入的16项合格研究中，大多数是描述性的。没有人探讨接受TANF是否会改变健康结果，尽管它有这样做的潜力。迄今为止，研究人员还没有充分研究可能将就业，接受TANF和健康联系起来的因果关系，特别是对于弱势妇女。今后需要开展研究，以解决这一差距，并更好地了解刑事司法系统的参与对这一弱势群体健康的潜在后果。
Criminal convictions are often associated with collateral consequences that limit access to the forms of employment and social services on which disadvantaged women most frequently rely—regardless of the severity of the offense. These consequences may play an important role in perpetuating health disparities by socioeconomic status and gender. We examined the extent to which research studies to date have assessed whether a criminal conviction might influence women’s health by limiting access to Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) and employment, as a secondary, or “collateral” criminal conviction-related consequence. We reviewed 434 peer-reviewed journal articles retrieved from three electronic article databases and 197 research reports from three research organizations. Two reviewers independently extracted data from each eligible article or report using a standardized coding scheme. Of the sixteen eligible studies included in the review, most were descriptive. None explored whether receiving TANF modified health outcomes, despite its potential to do so. Researchers to date have not fully examined the causal pathways that could link employment, receiving TANF, and health, especially for disadvantaged women. Future research is needed to address this gap and to understand better the potential consequences of the criminal justice system involvement on the health of this vulnerable population.