Occurrence and distribution of hexavalent chromium in groundwater from North Carolina, USA
Occurrence and distribution of hexavalent chromium in groundwater from North Carolina, USA
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135135
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发表时间：
2020-04-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Vengosh, Avner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Coyte, Rachel M.;McKinley, Kristen L.;Vengosh, Avner
六价铬（Cr（VI））是一种对人体健康有潜在危害的地下水污染物。了解地下水资源中Cr（VI）的赋存状态对于评估其对人类健康的风险至关重要。在这里，我们报告了一个大型数据集（n = 1362）的Cr（VI）和总铬（CrT）浓度在公共，私人和监测威尔斯从不同的含水层在北卡罗来纳州。这些水质数据来自杜克大学新的和以前的测量结果，以及美国环境保护署（N.C.）报告的数据。环境质量部和美国地质调查局。数据证实，铬（VI）是溶解的铬和地下水的主要物种在皮埃蒙特地区的含水层含有显着高于沿海平原的地下水的浓度。尽管数据集中只有一次超出美国EPA最大污染物水平（CrT为100 μ g/L），但数据集中超过一半的所有威尔斯测得的Cr（VI）井（865口井中的470口）超出了NC健康建议水平为0.07微克/升。利用该数据集的信息，我们探索了三种不同的方法来预测地下水中的Cr（VI）：（1）CrT浓度作为Cr（VI）的替代品;（2）位于特定地质区域的含水层的地下水健康目标的超额概率;以及（3）使用通常测量的场参数的删失线性回归（pH、电导率、溶解氧）与Cr（VI）的关系作为回归量。结合这些方法，我们已经确定了几个地区的皮埃蒙特地区的铬（六）在饮用水威尔斯预计将高于咨询水平，这与大量人口的地下水依赖人口。虽然这项研究的重点是北卡罗来纳州，皮埃蒙特地区地下水中Cr（VI）的广泛存在，其浓度高于含水层的健康指南，可能会对美国东部的大量人口构成高人类健康风险。（C）2019 Elsevier B. V.保留所有权利。
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a groundwater contaminant that is potentially harmful to human health. Understanding the occurrence of Cr(VI) in groundwater resources is critical for evaluating its risks to human health. Here we report a large dataset (n = 1362) of Cr(VI) and total chromium (CrT) concentrations in public, private, and monitoring wells from different aquifers across North Carolina. These water quality data come from new and previous measurements conducted at Duke University, as well as data reported by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, the N.C. Department of Environmental Quality, and the U.S. Geological Survey. The data confirm that Cr(VI) is the predominant species of dissolved Cr and that groundwater from aquifers in the Piedmont region contain significantly higher concentrations than groundwater from the coastal plain. Though there is only one exceedance of the U.S. EPA Maximum Contaminant Level (100 mu g/L for CrT) in the dataset, over half of all wells measured for Cr (VI) (470 out of 865) in the dataset exceeded the N.C. Health Advisory Level of 0.07 mu g/L. Using information from this dataset, we explore three different approaches to predicting Cr(VI) in groundwater: (1) CrT concentrations as a proxy for Cr(VI); (2) Exceedance probabilities of health goals for groundwater from aquifers located in specific geologic areas; and (3) Censored linear regression using commonly measured field parameters (pH, electrical conductivity, dissolved oxygen) with relationships to Cr(VI) as regressors. Combining these approaches, we have identified several areas in the Piedmont region where Cr(VI) in drinking water wells is expected to be higher than the advisory level, which coincide with large population groundwater reliant populations. While this study focuses on N.C., the wide-spread occurrence of Cr (VI) in groundwater at concentrations above health guidelines in aquifers of the Piedmont region could pose high human health risks to large populations in the eastern U.S. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.