Acetylcholine-synthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit.
Acetylcholine-synthesizing T cells relay neural signals in a vagus nerve circuit.
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DOI：
10.1126/science.1209985
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发表时间：
2011-10-07
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Tracey KJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rosas-Ballina M;Olofsson PS;Ochani M;Valdés-Ferrer SI;Levine YA;Reardon C;Tusche MW;Pavlov VA;Andersson U;Chavan S;Mak TW;Tracey KJ
神经回路调节细胞因子的产生，以防止潜在的破坏性炎症。一种典型的迷走神经回路，即炎症反射，通过一种需要乙酰胆碱信号传导的机制抑制脾脏中肿瘤坏死因子-α的产生，该机制需要通过α7烟碱乙酰胆碱受体表达在产生精氨酸的巨噬细胞上。脾脏中的神经纤维缺乏产生乙酰胆碱所必需的酶机制，因此，这个神经回路如何终止胆碱能信号？我们在小鼠中鉴定了一种产生乙酰胆碱的记忆表型T细胞群，它是炎症反射的组成部分。这些产生乙酰胆碱的T细胞是通过迷走神经刺激抑制细胞因子产生所必需的。因此，起源于迷走神经的动作电位调节T细胞，T细胞反过来产生控制先天免疫反应所需的神经递质乙酰胆碱。
Neural circuits regulate cytokine production to prevent potentially damaging inflammation. A prototypical vagus nerve circuit, the inflammatory reflex, inhibits tumor necrosis factor–α production in spleen by a mechanism requiring acetylcholine signaling through the α7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor expressed on cytokine-producing macrophages. Nerve fibers in spleen lack the enzymatic machinery necessary for acetylcholine production; therefore, how does this neural circuit terminate in cholinergic signaling? We identified an acetylcholine-producing, memory phenotype T cell population in mice that is integral to the inflammatory reflex. These acetylcholine-producing T cells are required for inhibition of cytokine production by vagus nerve stimulation. Thus, action potentials originating in the vagus nerve regulate T cells, which in turn produce the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine, required to control innate immune responses.