Infection, Replication, and Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Alpacas
Infection, Replication, and Transmission of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus in Alpacas
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DOI：
10.3201/2206.160192
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
Bowen, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adney, Danielle R.;Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle;Bowen, Richard A.
中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒是最近出现的一种与人类严重疾病相关的病原体。来自骆驼的人畜共患病溢出似乎在传播中发挥了主要作用。由于在围栏中处理独角兽存在逻辑上的困难，一个更易于管理的动物模型将是可取的。我们报告了这种病毒在实验感染的羊驼(n=3)或通过接触感染的羊驼(n=3)中的脱落和传播。所有被感染的动物和3只接触动物中的2只均检出传染性病毒。所有羊驼血清转换，并在最初感染后70天再次激发。实验感染的动物被保护免受再次感染，而那些通过接触感染的动物则得到部分保护。免疫幼稚动物(n=3)感染后第5天的尸检标本显示上呼吸道有病毒。这些数据证明了病毒的有效复制和动物间的传播，并表明羊驼在实验室研究中可能是骆驼的有用替代品。
Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus is a recently emerged pathogen associated with severe human disease. Zoonotic spillover from camels appears to play a major role in transmission. Because of logistic difficulties in working with dromedaries in containment, a more manageable animal model would be desirable. We report shedding and transmission of this virus in experimentally infected alpacas (n = 3) or those infected by contact (n = 3). Infectious virus was detected in all infected animals and in 2 of 3 in-contact animals. All alpacas seroconverted and were rechallenged 70 days after the original infection. Experimentally infected animals were protected against reinfection, and those infected by contact were partially protected. Necropsy specimens from immunologically naive animals (n = 3) obtained on day 5 postinfection showed virus in the upper respiratory tract. These data demonstrate efficient virus replication and animal-to-animal transmission and indicate that alpacas might be useful surrogates for camels in laboratory studies.