Why do corporate elites form cohesive networks in some countries, and do not in others? Cross-national analysis of corporate elite networks in Latin America
Why do corporate elites form cohesive networks in some countries, and do not in others? Cross-national analysis of corporate elite networks in Latin America
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DOI：
10.1177/0268580916629965
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发表时间：
2016-02
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Julián Cárdenas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Julián Cárdenas
本文分析、比较和解释了五个拉丁美洲经济体中由连锁董事会形成的企业精英网络，以理解为什么企业精英在一些国家通过有凝聚力的网络相互联系，而在另一些国家则没有。研究结果显示，墨西哥、智利和秘鲁在一定程度上都存在有凝聚力的精英网络，但巴西和哥伦比亚却没有。在检验和拒绝现有理论的假设后，作者确定了有凝聚力的企业精英网络，通过强大的包容性商业协会和市场开放的国家-企业关系之间的互补性。在国家与企业的关系由强大的包容性商业协会调节并开放与发达经济体的自由贸易的经济体中，企业精英形成了有凝聚力的网络，而在包容性商业协会较弱和贸易开放度较低的经济体中，企业精英没有形成有凝聚力的网络。这些新颖的解释有助于理解新兴经济体的企业精英网络，并为未来的企业精英研究提供了一个基准。
This article analyzes, compares, and explains the corporate elite networks formed by interlocking directorates across five Latin American economies in order to comprehend why corporate elites are interconnected by cohesive networks in some countries and not in others. Results show cohesive elite networks in Mexico, Chile, and to some extent in Peru, but not in Brazil and Colombia. After testing and rejecting the hypotheses from existing theories, the author identifies complementarities among cohesive corporate elite networks, state–business relations through strong encompassing business associations, and market openness. In economies where state–business relations are mediated by strong encompassing business associations and open up to free trade with developed economies, corporate elites form cohesive networks, whereas in economies with weak encompassing business associations and low trade openness, corporate elites do not form cohesive networks. These novel explanations are useful to understand corporate elite networks in emerging economies, and a benchmark for future studies on corporate elites.