The UNITAID Patent Pool Initiative: Bringing Patents Together for the Common Good.
The UNITAID Patent Pool Initiative: Bringing Patents Together for the Common Good.
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DOI：
10.2174/1874613601004020037
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发表时间：
2010-01-19
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
't Hoen E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bermudez J;'t Hoen E
为艾滋病毒/艾滋病开发和提供适当的、负担得起的、适应性良好的药物仍然是一项紧迫的挑战：由于一线治疗失败，越来越多的人需要昂贵的二线治疗；儿科配方中没有三分之一的抗逆转录病毒药物；某些关键的一线和二线三联固定剂量组合不存在或缺乏足够的供应商。UNITAID的目标是通过一项集体管理知识产权（IP）的创新举措——一个艾滋病药物的专利池——来帮助解决这些问题。专利池背后的理念是，专利持有人——公司、政府、研究人员或大学——在一定条件下自愿向专利池提供与其发明有关的知识产权。任何想要使用知识产权生产或开发药物的公司都可以通过支付特许权使用费从该资源池中获得许可，然后可以生产供发展中国家使用的药物（条件是达到商定的质量标准）。专利池将是一个自愿机制，这意味着它的成功将在很大程度上取决于制药公司参与并将其知识产权投入专利池的意愿。仿制药生产商也必须愿意合作。这个资源池有可能为所有人带来好处。
Developing and delivering appropriate, affordable, well-adapted medicines for HIV/AIDS remains an urgent challenge: as first-line therapies fail, increasing numbers of people require costly second-line therapy; one-third of ARVs are not available in pediatric formulations; and certain key first- and second-line triple fixed-dose combinations do not exist or sufficient suppliers are lacking. UNITAID aims to help solve these problems through an innovative initiative for the collective management of intellectual property (IP) rights – a patent pool for HIV medicines. The idea behind a patent pool is that patent holders - companies, governments, researchers or universities - voluntarily offer, under certain conditions, the IP related to their inventions to the patent pool. Any company that wants to use the IP to produce or develop medicines can seek a license from the pool against the payment of royalties, and may then produce the medicines for use in developing countries (conditional upon meeting agreed quality standards). The patent pool will be a voluntary mechanism, meaning its success will largely depend on the willingness of pharmaceutical companies to participate and commit their IP to the pool. Generic producers must also be willing to cooperate. The pool has the potential to provide benefits to all.