SPACEFLIGHT ALTERS AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF ARTERIAL-PRESSURE IN HUMANS
SPACEFLIGHT ALTERS AUTONOMIC REGULATION OF ARTERIAL-PRESSURE IN HUMANS
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DOI：
10.1152/jappl.1994.77.4.1776
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发表时间：
1994-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
ECKBERG, DL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
FRITSCHYELLE, JM;CHARLES, JB;ECKBERG, DL
航天飞行与着陆后立位耐力下降有关。短时间的太空飞行(4-5天)会损害一种神经机制：颈动脉压力感受器-心脏反射。为了了解更长时间的航天飞行对压力感受器反射功能的影响，我们测量了16名航天员在8-14天航天飞机任务前后的R-R间期功率谱、肘前静脉儿茶酚胺水平、颈动脉压力感受器-心脏反射反应、对Valsalva动作的反应以及立位耐力。我们发现在飞行前和着陆当天之间发生了以下变化：1)立位耐力下降；2)0.05-0.15赫兹频段的R-R间期频谱功率增加；3)血浆去甲肾上腺素和肾上腺素水平增加；4)颈动脉压力感受器心脏反射反应的斜率、范围和操作点减少；以及5)对Valsalva动作的血压和心率反应发生改变。自主变化在着陆后持续了几天。这些结果进一步证明，在太空飞行后，副交感神经功能相关减少，而交感神经对动脉压控制的影响增加。
Spaceflight is associated with decreased orthostatic tolerance after landing. Short-duration spaceflight (4-5 days) impairs one neural mechanism: the carotid baroreceptor-cardiac reflex. To understand the effects of longer-duration spaceflight on baroreflex function, we measured R-R interval power spectra, antecubital vein plasma catecholamine levels, carotid baroreceptor-cardiac reflex responses, responses to Valsalva maneuvers, and orthostatic tolerance in 16 astronauts before and after shuttle missions lasting 8-14 days. We found the following changes between preflight and landing day: I) orthostatic tolerance decreased; 2) R-R interval spectral power in the 0.05- to 0.15-Hz band increased; 3) plasma norepinephrine and epinephrine levels increased; 4) the slope, range, and operational point of the carotid baroreceptor cardiac reflex response decreased; and 5) blood pressure and heart rate responses to Valsalva maneuvers were altered. Autonomic changes persisted for several days after landing. These results provide further evidence of functionally relevant reductions in parasympathetic and increases in sympathetic influences on arterial pressure control after spaceflight.