Personal Protective Equipment: Protecting Health Care Providers in an Ebola Outbreak.
Personal Protective Equipment: Protecting Health Care Providers in an Ebola Outbreak.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.07.007
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发表时间：
2015-11-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wohl DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fischer WA 2nd;Weber D;Wohl DA
最近肆虐西非的埃博拉疫情感染和死亡的医护人员比该病毒历史上的任何一次疫情都要多。在传染病暴发中，需要加强对病原体传播的了解，并制定保护卫生保健提供者免受感染的战略。这篇综述将已知的埃博拉病毒传播与旨在阻止医院传播的个人防护装备(PPE)联系起来。综述了有关丝状病毒传播和丝状病毒暴发中的PPE的文章，并提出了研究结果。此外，还介绍了评价PPE和穿绒和道夫策略的研究。个人防护措施是保护卫生保健提供者所需的全面感染预防和控制战略的一个步骤。鉴于埃博拉病毒主要通过与受感染患者和/或他们的体液直接接触粘膜和皮肤上的伤口传播，有必要将这些潜在的PPE感染门户作为有组织和有指导的穿戴和脱下程序的一部分。目前关于个人防护装备以及穿着和道夫过程的建议都是基于轶事经验。然而，使用非人类病毒可以帮助提供关于个人防护装备和穿戴和道夫过程的循证指南。
The recent Ebola epidemic that devastated West Africa has infected and killed more health care providers than any other outbreak in the history of this virus. An improved understanding of pathogen transmission and the institution of strategies to protect health care providers against infection are needed in infectious disease outbreaks. This review connects what is known about Ebola virus transmission with personal protective equipment (PPE) designed to arrest nosocomial transmission. Articles pertaining to filovirus transmission and PPE in filovirus outbreaks were reviewed and findings are presented. In addition, studies that evaluated PPE and donning and doffing strategies are presented. PPE is one step in a comprehensive infection prevention and control strategy that is required to protect health care providers. Given that the Ebola virus is primarily transmitted through direct contact of mucous membranes and cuts in the skin with infected patients and/or their bodily fluids, it is necessary to cover these potential portals of infection with PPE as part of a structured and instructed donning and doffing procedure. Current recommendations about PPE and the donning and doffing processes are based on anecdotal experience. However, the use of non-human viruses can help provide evidence-based guidelines on both PPE and donning and doffing processes.