The effects of ultrarapid freezing on meiotic and mitotic spindles of mouse oocytes and embryos.
The effects of ultrarapid freezing on meiotic and mitotic spindles of mouse oocytes and embryos.
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超快速冷冻对小鼠卵母细胞和胚胎减数分裂和有丝分裂纺锤体的影响。
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发表时间：
1988
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
M. N. Lee
中科院分区：
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作者：
A. Sathananthan;S. Ng;A. Trounson;A. Bongso;S. Ratnam;J. Ho;H. Mok;M. N. Lee
用二甲基亚砜和丙二醇超快速冷冻排卵前小鼠卵母细胞和2-细胞期胚胎。冷冻卵母细胞的存活率较低（33-34%），与使用任一冷冻保护剂的2-细胞胚胎的存活率（78-79%）相比。解冻后培养后，卵母细胞发育成囊胚的比例约为7-15%，胚胎发育成囊胚的比例约为79-80%。超快速冷冻保存细胞结构相当好，通过电子显微镜显示，但减数分裂卵母细胞和晚期2-细胞胚胎进行有丝分裂的纺锤体解体的证据，涉及损失或聚集的微管，导致一些分散的染色体。从冷冻卵发育的胚胎显示出微核形成和染色体物质不完全结合到主核中的明确证据。这些实验证实了我们对冷冻人卵母细胞的观察，并表明纺锤体微管对冻融敏感，冷冻保存可能导致早期发育过程中的染色体畸变。提倡在人类体外受精（IVF）计划中引入卵母细胞冷冻的谨慎方法。
Preovulatory mouse oocytes and 2-cell embryos were frozen with dimethyl sulfoxide and propanediol by an ultrarapid method. The survival of frozen oocytes was low (33-34%) compared to that of 2-cell embryos (78-79%) with either cryoprotectant. Development to blastocysts after postthaw culture was about 7-15% for oocytes and 79-80% for the embryos. Ultrarapid freezing preserves cell structure quite well as revealed by electron microscopy, but meiotic oocytes and late 2-cell embryos undergoing mitosis showed evidence of spindle disorganization involving loss or clumping of microtubules resulting in some scattering of chromosomes. Embryos developed from frozen eggs showed clear evidence of micronuclear formation and incomplete incorporation of chromosomal material into main nuclei. These experiments confirm our observations on freezing of human oocytes and show that spindle microtubules are sensitive to freeze-thawing and that cryopreservation could cause chromosomal aberrations during early development. A cautious approach to the introduction of oocyte freezing in human in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs is advocated.