Involvement of Neural Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Peripheral Inflammation.
Involvement of Neural Transient Receptor Potential Channels in Peripheral Inflammation.
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DOI：
10.3389/fimmu.2020.590261
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发表时间：
2020
影响因子：
7.3
通讯作者：
Chang EH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silverman HA;Chen A;Kravatz NL;Chavan SS;Chang EH
瞬时受体电位（TRP）通道是一个非选择性阳离子通道超家族，在哺乳动物的许多组织中起多模态传感器的作用。在离子通道的背景下，它们的独特之处在于其广泛的激活机制和阳离子选择性。TRP通道参与多种生理过程，包括化学感知、伤害感受和介导细胞因子释放。它们还通过感觉功能和神经肽的释放在炎症调节中发挥重要作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了TRP通道子集（TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM3， TRPM8和TRPA1）在机体免疫反应中的功能贡献，特别是与炎症有关。我们之所以关注这五个TRP通道，是因为除了在许多体细胞类型中表达外，这些通道也在支配全身内脏器官和组织的外周神经节和神经上表达。这些神经TRP通道的激活使神经元、免疫细胞和上皮细胞之间的串扰能够调节广泛的炎症行为。TRP通道通过直接影响阳离子水平或通过间接调节细胞内通路触发促炎或抗炎机制起作用，这取决于炎症性疾病的背景。TRP通道在神经细胞和免疫细胞上的表达使其成为炎症相关疾病的一个有吸引力的药物靶点。在这一领域的未来工作可能会产生重要的新途径和治疗方法，用于治疗广泛的疾病，包括结肠炎、皮炎、败血症、哮喘和疼痛。
Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are a superfamily of non-selective cation channels that act as polymodal sensors in many tissues throughout mammalian organisms. In the context of ion channels, they are unique for their broad diversity of activation mechanisms and their cation selectivity. TRP channels are involved in a diverse range of physiological processes including chemical sensing, nociception, and mediating cytokine release. They also play an important role in the regulation of inflammation through sensory function and the release of neuropeptides. In this review, we discuss the functional contribution of a subset of TRP channels (TRPV1, TRPV4, TRPM3, TRPM8, and TRPA1) that are involved in the body’s immune responses, particularly in relation to inflammation. We focus on these five TRP channels because, in addition to being expressed in many somatic cell types, these channels are also expressed on peripheral ganglia and nerves that innervate visceral organs and tissues throughout the body. Activation of these neural TRP channels enables crosstalk between neurons, immune cells, and epithelial cells to regulate a wide range of inflammatory actions. TRP channels act either through direct effects on cation levels or through indirect modulation of intracellular pathways to trigger pro- or anti-inflammatory mechanisms, depending on the inflammatory disease context. The expression of TRP channels on both neural and immune cells has made them an attractive drug target in diseases involving inflammation. Future work in this domain will likely yield important new pathways and therapies for the treatment of a broad range of disorders including colitis, dermatitis, sepsis, asthma, and pain.