Benchmarking shearographic NDT for composites
Benchmarking shearographic NDT for composites
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复合材料剪切散斑无损检测基准测试
DOI：
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Alexei V. Iakhiaev
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Nalian;Alexei V. Iakhiaev
众所周知的事实是，在与航空航天、汽车、划船、体育、武器技术等相关的行业中，复合材料的使用不断增加，并将继续以指数方式增加。正在研究和生产的现代复合材料旨在满足工程师不断寻找具有高强度，低密度，刚性或柔性，相对无腐蚀作用，磨损甚至冲击的材料。除了复合材料确实具有上述特性这一事实之外，这些材料的显著特征是，在给定的结构中，所有各种材料成分的合成几乎同时发生，提供几乎接近成品的形状。无论使用什么材料，不仅在部件和结构的制造过程中，而且在随后的使用过程中，它们都会获得并积累缺陷，最终缩短其寿命。当然，组件寿命的结束是不可避免的-这是事情的方式，然而，理想的是监控缺陷并在灾难性代价高昂的事件发生之前更换组件。为了确定复合材料结构或部件的适用性，在制造过程中以及在服务和操作过程中需要非破坏性测试方法。工程无损检测专业人员会同意，没有一种技术可以提供完整的解决方案，最好是采用多种技术的组合来提高可靠性，并且非常清楚每种技术都有优点和缺点。这种办法虽然非常可取，但不幸的是，在许多情况下，由于经济上的限制，会产生问题。所有类型的无损检测能力的设备都是可用的，并已用于监测复合材料性质的部件和结构。然而，慢慢变得明显的是，在用于监测复合材料结构健康状况的大量NDT技术中，似乎很少有足够或显着的应用范围。现有的无损检测设备总是属于以下三个类别之一：（a）成熟和经过验证的技术（B）数量有限但在数量和广度上缓慢增长的年轻技术，其成功应用的记录和（c）仍处于进一步研究和开发状态的创新或新兴技术（1）。
It is a well-established fact that in industries relating to aerospace, automotive, boating, sports, weapons technology and the like, the usage of composite materials is ever increasing and will continue to do so in an exponential manner. Modern composite materials that are being researched and produced aim at satisfying engineers who are continuously searching for materials that exhibit high strength, low density, are stiff or flexible, are relatively free from corrosion effects, abrasion and even impact. Besides the fact that composites do possess the properties mentioned, the distinguishing characteristic of these materials is that in a given structure the synthesis of all the various material components takes place almost simultaneously providing just about near-finished shape. Irrespective of what material is used, not only during the manufacture of components and structures but subsequently during in-service use, they will acquire and accumulate defects that eventually will shorten their life. The end of a component’s life is, of course, inevitable – such is the manner of things, however what is desirable is to monitor defects and replace the component before the occurrence of catastrophic costly events. To determine the serviceability of composite structures or components, non-destructive methods of testing are required during manufacture and obviously during service and operation. Engineering NDE professionals will agree that no single technique provides the total solution and that it is best that a combination of techniques be employed for increased reliability, knowing very well that each technique will come with strengths and deficiencies. This approach, although highly desirable, unfortunately in many cases will be problematic because of economic constraints. Equipment of all types of non-destructive testing capability is available and has been used in monitoring components and structures of composite material nature. What is becoming slowly apparent, though, is that among the large number of NDT techniques employed to monitor the health of composite structures, very few seem to show sufficient or notable breadth of applications. The available NDT equipment invariably will fall under one of the three categories ranked as: (a) Mature and proven technologies (b) Young technologies with limited but slowly increasing in volume and breadth their track record of successful applications and (c) Innovative or newly-emerging techniques that are still in the state of further research and development(1).