Eric A. Barnard. 2 July 1927-23 May 2018
Eric A. Barnard. 2 July 1927-23 May 2018
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埃里克·A·巴纳德.
DOI：
10.1098/rsbm.2020.0017
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发表时间：
2020
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Anne Stephenson F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Anne Stephenson F
埃里克·巴纳德（Eric Barnard）是一位蛋白质生物化学家，他在神经肌肉传递的分子成分的描述和分子神经科学作为一门科学学科的出现方面发挥了主导作用。他在伦敦国王学院开始了他的职业生涯，1965年搬到纽约州布法罗州立大学，1975年回到伦敦帝国理工学院。1985年，他成为剑桥医学研究理事会（MRC）分子神经生物学单位的主任。从MRC退休后，他搬到了伦敦的皇家自由医院，继续担任分子神经生物学主任，但在1998年回到剑桥大学（药理学系）担任名誉教授。2014年，86岁的他终于从积极的研究中退休。虽然埃里克被选为FRS的早期开创性工作的蛋白质化学的酶和烟碱乙酰胆碱受体，他的开创性贡献，开始在他的时间在帝国，是分子生物学方法的应用，许多神经递质受体的研究。与Ricardo Miledi FRS（以及后来的大卫布朗FRS和同事）一起，他开发了异种卵母细胞系统，用于从总组织mRNA表达受体。他是第一个克隆到花斑电鳐烟碱乙酰胆碱受体α亚基cDNA的小组。随后纯化并克隆抑制性γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）A受体亚单位cDNA。这一成就由Eric推动，并得到他的合作者Peter Seeburg的帮助，导致了配体门控离子通道超家族的发现，神经递质受体异质性的发现，以及受体家族和超家族概念的发展。他的开创性工作是现代中枢神经系统药物发现的基础。
Eric Barnard was a protein biochemist who played a leading role in the delineation of the molecular components of neuromuscular transmission and the emergence of molecular neuroscience as a scientific discipline. He began his career at King's College London, moving to the State University of Buffalo, New York, in 1965 before returning to Imperial College, London, in 1975. In 1985 he became the Director of the Medical Research Council (MRC) Molecular Neurobiology Unit in Cambridge. Upon retirement from the MRC, he moved to the Royal Free Hospital in London where he continued as Director of Molecular Neurobiology, but in 1998 returned to the University of Cambridge (Department of Pharmacology) as Emeritus Professor. In 2014, at the age of 86, he finally retired from active research. Although Eric was elected FRS for his early pioneering work on the protein chemistry of enzymes and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, his seminal contribution, initiated during his time at Imperial, was the application of molecular biological methods to the study of many neurotransmitter receptors. With Ricardo Miledi FRS (and later David Brown FRS and colleagues), he developed theXenopusoocyte system for the expression of receptors from total tissue mRNA. His was the first group to clone a neurotransmitter receptor subunit cDNA, the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α subunit ofTorpedo marmorata. This was followed by purification and subsequent cloning of inhibitory γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)Areceptor subunit cDNAs. This achievement, driven by Eric and aided by his collaborator Peter Seeburg, led to the discovery of the ligand-gated ion channel superfamily, the discovery of neurotransmitter receptor heterogeneity, and the development of concepts of receptor families and superfamilies. His pioneering work was pivotal for the foundation of modern central nervous system drug discovery.