CONTEXT, MEMORY, AND INTEGRATED ITEM CONTEXT IMAGERY
CONTEXT, MEMORY, AND INTEGRATED ITEM CONTEXT IMAGERY
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DOI：
10.1037/0278-7393.11.1-4.764
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发表时间：
1985-01-01
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
EICH, E
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
EICH, E
先前的研究揭示了几种消除环境背景变化对事件记忆的不利影响的策略。本研究探讨的想法，这些效果可以通过鼓励被试编码目标项目有关的特定上下文线索增强。为此，受试者在两个装饰独特的房间之一中阅读一份常见物体名称的列表，随后在背诵该列表的同一个房间或在替代环境中进行自由回忆测试。当阅读每个列表项目时，在任一情境条件下（即，恒定与变化的环境），一半的受试者被要求生成并报告一个孤立的图像，其中指定的对象被可视化为自身存在，另一半则被指示生成一个综合图像，其中对象被描绘为与房间的特定物理特征直接相关。结果表明，在不断变化的上下文条件下，召回显着的优势，但只有综合形象的项目。在这些结果的讨论中，几个原因令人惊讶的情况下，孤立的图像项目的回忆上下文依赖被认为是，超载上下文线索的可能后果进行检查。
Previous research has revealed several strategies for eliminating the detrimental effects of environmental context change on memory for events. The present study investigated the idea that these effects could be enhanced by encouraging subjects to encode target items in relation to specific contextual cues. To this end, subjects were read a list of names for common objects in one of two distinctively decorated rooms and were subsequently tested for free recall either in the same room in which the list had been recited or in the alternate environment. As each list item was read, half of the subjects in either context condition (ie, constant vs. changed environments) were asked to generate and report an isolated image, in which the specified object was visualized as existing by itself, and half were instructed to produce an integrated image, in which the object was pictured as being directly associated with a particular physical feature of the room. Results showed a significant advantage in recall of constant over changed context conditions, but only for integrated-imagery items. In the discussion of these results, several reasons for the surprising absence of context dependence in the recall of isolated-imagery items are considered, and possible consequences of overloading contextual cues are examined.