Acoustic Radiation by Charged Atomic Particles in Liquids: An Analysis
Acoustic Radiation by Charged Atomic Particles in Liquids: An Analysis
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液体中带电原子粒子的声辐射：分析
DOI：
10.1103/physrevd.19.3293
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发表时间：
1979
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
J. Learned
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
J. Learned
本文对带电粒子电离引起的液体局部加热产生的声脉冲传播进行了新的分析。结果表明，在小距离后，具有损耗的波动方程决定了脉冲的形状，并且由于单个脉冲的双极性$\ensuremath{\delta}$-函数行为，净观测到的脉冲只是从单个加热中心接收到的脉冲密度的时间导数。讨论了角分布、信噪比、可探测体积和数值例子。一个重要的观察结果是，衰减对这类辐射的影响是随距离产生幂律截止，而不是指数截止。例如，在热噪声限制的情况下，由于衰减，此处定义的信噪比随着距离的衰减只陡增一半功率。
A new analysis of the propagation of acoustic pulses produced by local heating of liquids due to ionization by charged particles is presented. It is shown that the wave equations with loss dominate the pulse shape after small distances and that, due to the bipolar $\ensuremath{\delta}$-function behavior of the individual pulses, a net observed pulse is just the time derivative of the received density of pulses from individual heating centers. Angular distributions, signal-to-noise ratios, detectable volume, and numerical examples are discussed. One important observation is that the effect of attenuation upon this type of radiation is to produce power-law rather than exponential cutoff with distance. For example, in the thermal-noise-limited case the signal-to-noise ratio defined herein only steepens by one-half power in falloff with distance due to attenuation.