A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios
A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0507714103
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发表时间：
2006-01-24
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Kashyap, VK
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sahoo, S;Singh, A;Kashyap, VK
了解印度人口的遗传起源和人口历史对于有关欧亚大陆早期定居的问题和最近的事件（包括印度-雅利安语言的出现和次大陆定居农业）都很重要。尽管人们普遍认为印度种姓和部落人口在印度有着共同的晚更新世母系血统，但一些 Y 染色体标记研究表明，最近有来自欧亚大陆中部或西部的大规模入侵。为了研究印度人口父系谱系的起源，对代表印度所有四个主要语言群体的 32 个部落和 45 个种姓群体的 936 条 Y 染色体进行了 38 个单核苷酸多态性标记的分析。印度主要 Y 染色体单倍群的系统发育地理学、遗传距离和混合分析都表明，最近对达罗毗荼语和印地语种姓群体的外部贡献较低。印度和中亚人群之间共享一些Y染色体单倍群，最简单的解释是，这两个地区之间有着深厚的共同祖先，并且一些印度特有的谱系向北扩散。 Y染色体数据一致表明印度种姓社区主要起源于南亚，因此反对来自印度北部和西部地区的任何与农业发展或印度-雅利安语系传播有关的人口的大量涌入。然而，印度藏缅语使用者的二元 Y 染色体组成可归因于最近的人口统计过程，该过程似乎吸收并覆盖了以前讲南亚语系的人口。
Understanding the genetic origins and demographic history of Indian populations is important both for questions concerning the early settlement of Eurasia and more recent events, including the appearance of Indo-Aryan languages and settled agriculture in the subcontinent. Although there is general agreement that Indian caste and tribal populations share a common late Pleistocene maternal ancestry in India, some studies of the Y-chromosome markers have suggested a recent, substantial incursion from Central or West Eurasia. To investigate the origin of paternal lineages of Indian populations, 936 Y chromosomes, representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from all four major linguistic groups of India, were analyzed for 38 single-nucleotide polymorphic markers. Phylogeography of the major Y-chromosomal haplogroups in India, genetic distance, and admixture analyses all indicate that the recent external contribution to Dravidian- and Hindi-speaking caste groups has been low. The sharing of some Y-chromosomal haplogroups between Indian and Central Asian populations is most parsimoniously explained by a deep, common ancestry between the two regions, with diffusion of some Indian-specific lineages northward. The Y-chromosomal data consistently suggest a largely South Asian origin for Indian caste communities and therefore argue against any major influx, from regions north and west of India, of people associated either with the development of agriculture or the spread of the Indo-Aryan language family. The dyadic Y-chromosome composition of Tibeto-Burman speakers of India, however, can be attributed to a recent demographic process, which appears to have absorbed and overlain populations who previously spoke Austro-Asiatic languages.