Genetic analysis of a hulless x covered cross of barley using doubled-haploid lines
Genetic analysis of a hulless x covered cross of barley using doubled-haploid lines
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DOI：
10.2135/cropsci2001.4141021x
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发表时间：
2001-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Martin, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Choo, TM;Ho, KM;Martin, RA
无壳大麦（大麦）的无壳（裸）和粗芒（Rawl）基因的影响还没有完全了解。本研究的目的是（i）确定无壳大麦X复盖杂交中无壳品系的潜力，（ii）检测加性X加性上位性并估计遗传相关性，（iii）确定无壳和粗芒基因对大麦11个农艺性状的影响。1998年在加拿大东部的夏洛特敦和渥太华两个地点对昆仑1号× CIMMYT 6号杂交的50个覆盖系和48个无壳系的籽粒产量、容重、粒重、株高、抽穗期和成熟度进行了评价。植物密度，黑穗病抗性和抗黑穗病性也记录在夏洛特敦，而穗密度估计在渥太华。48个无壳品系含有82%至100%的无壳籽粒。至少有一个无壳线产生类似的最高产量线，如果它被调整的公牛的体重损失。这表明，它是可能的高产无壳大麦品种的育种。部分性状存在加性×加性上位性。产量与容重、粒重和株高呈显著正相关。在加拿大东部，无壳与17%的植物密度降低，11%至18%的株高缩短，15%至19%的种子重量降低，20%至21%的测试重量，和21%至36%的产量减少。而抽穗期、成熟度、抗黑穗病、抗白粉病和穗密度与无壳性无关。由于无壳后代可能有较低的出苗率和较短的植株高度，无壳大麦育种计划应避免在大量群体中繁殖来自无壳X覆盖杂交的分离材料，因为许多无壳植株可能会被竞争淘汰。糙芒无壳大麦比光芒无壳大麦有更多的无壳籽粒。因此，选择糙芒植株可以提高裸大麦的脱粒性能。
The effects of the hulless (nud) and rough-awned (Rawl) genes are not fully understood in hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.). A study was initiated to (i) determine the potential of hulless lines in a hulless X covered cross, (ii) detect additive X additive epistasis and estimate genetic correlations, and (iii) determine the effects of hulless and rough-awned genes on 11 agronomic traits of barley. Fifty covered lines and 48 hulless lines derived from a 'Kunlun no. 1' X 'CIMMYT no. 6' cross were evaluated for grain yield, test weight, seed weight, height, heading date, and maturity at two locations in Eastern Canada (Charlottetown and Ottawa) in 1998. Plant density, smut resistance, and scald resistance were also recorded at Charlottetown, while spike density was estimated at Ottawa. The 48 hulless lines contained 82 to 100% hulless kernels. At least one hulless line yielded similar to the highest yielding line if it was adjusted by the weight loss of the bull. This suggests that it is possible to breed for high-yielding hulless barley cultivars. Additive X additive epistasis was detected for some of the traits. Yield was significantly correlated with test weight, seed weight, and height. In Eastern Canada, hullessness was associated with 17% lower plant density, 11 to 18% shorter plant height, 15 to 19% lower seed weight, 20 to 21% higher test weight, and 21 to 36% yield reduction. Hullessness, however, was not associated with heading date, maturity, smut resistance, scald resistance, and spike density. Since hulless progeny could have lower emergence rates and shorter plant heights, hulless barley breeding programs should avoid propagating segregating materials from hulless X covered crosses in bulk populations, as many hulless plants may be eliminated by competition. Rough-awned hulless barley had more hulless kernels than smooth-awned. Therefore, selection for rough-awned plants could improve the threshability of hulless barley.