Do we see how they perceive risk? An integrated analysis of risk perception and its effect on workplace safety behavior
Do we see how they perceive risk? An integrated analysis of risk perception and its effect on workplace safety behavior
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我们是否看到他们如何看待风险？
DOI：
10.1016/j.aap.2017.06.010
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Liu, Bingsheng
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Xia, Nini;Wang, Xueqing;Liu, Bingsheng
虽然风险感知是影响安全行为的关键因素，但学术界缺乏对工人感知风险的方式的具体关注，因此对不同风险感知影响安全行为的机制知之甚少。大多数以前的研究在工作场所安全领域认为，人们倾向于感知风险的基础上，风险的关键性的合理配方。然而，个人的情绪也可以有助于理解他们的看法。因此，本研究采用理性与情感相结合的分析方法。具体而言，预计将确定三种合理的风险感知方式，即，感知概率、严重性和负效用会影响直接情绪风险感知。此外，这四种风险认知都被认为会对安全行为产生积极但不同的影响。使用120名建筑工人的样本进行了测试的假设。结果发现，所有三个理性的风险知觉显着影响工人的直接感知的风险，主要是基于情绪。此外，工人的安全行为主要依赖于情绪感知，而不是理性的风险计算。这项研究有助于工作场所的安全研究，强调了整合风险的情绪评估的重要性，特别是当工人的风险感知和行为的关注。通过改善风险感知来改善安全行为的建议途径包括意识到感知风险的不同方式的可能性，促进经验分享和事故模拟，以及揭示风险信息。
While risk perception is a key factor influencing safety behavior, the academia lacks specific attention to the ways that workers perceive risk, and thus little is known about the mechanisms through which different risk perceptions influence safety behavior. Most previous research in the workplace safety domain argues that people tend to perceive risk based on rational formulations of risk criticality. However, individuals' emotions can be also useful in understanding their perceptions. Therefore, this research employs an integrated analysis concerning the rational and emotional perspectives. Specifically, it was expected that the identified three rational ways of perceiving risk, i.e., perceived probability, severity, and negative utility, would influence the direct emotional risk perception. Furthermore, these four risk perceptions were all expected to positively but differently influence safety behavior. The hypotheses were tested using a sample of 120 construction workers. It was found that all the three rational risk perceptions significantly influenced workers' direct perception of risk that is mainly based on emotions. Furthermore, safety behavior among workers relied mainly on emotional perception but not rational calculations of risk. This research contributes to workplace safety research by highlighting the importance of integrating the emotional assessment of risk, especially when workers' risk perception and behavior are concerned. Suggested avenues for improving safety behavior through improvement in risk perception include being aware of the possibility of different ways of perceiving risk, promoting experience sharing and accident simulation, and uncovering risk information.