Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods
Estimating the impact of unsafe water, sanitation and hygiene on the global burden of disease: evolving and alternative methods
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DOI：
10.1111/tmi.12330
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发表时间：
2014-08-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Colford, John M., Jr.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Clasen, Thomas;Pruss-Ustun, Annette;Colford, John M., Jr.
2010年全球疾病负担(GBD)研究是估计全球疾病和伤害负担及相关风险因素的最新努力。与以前的GBD研究一样，这一最新的迭代反映了方法、范围和证据基础的不断演变。自1990年进行第一次GBD研究以来，腹泻病的负担以及因水和卫生设施不足造成的负担已大幅下降。虽然这与传染病和儿童死亡率的趋势一致，但归因风险的变化也是因为对改善水质的干预措施研究中的流行病学证据有了新的解释。为了为一系列配套论文提供背景，这些论文提出了关于水、卫生和个人卫生不足的疾病负担和风险的替代假设和方法，我们总结了过去GBD研究的演变方法。我们还描述了一种使用人口干预模型的替代方法。最后，我们强调GBD研究的重要作用，以及确保水和卫生等干预措施的政策以透明、同行审查和广泛接受的方法为基础的必要性。
The 2010 global burden of disease (GBD) study represents the latest effort to estimate the global burden of disease and injuries and the associated risk factors. Like previous GBD studies, this latest iteration reflects a continuing evolution in methods, scope and evidence base. Since the first GBD Study in 1990, the burden of diarrhoeal disease and the burden attributable to inadequate water and sanitation have fallen dramatically. While this is consistent with trends in communicable disease and child mortality, the change in attributable risk is also due to new interpretations of the epidemiological evidence from studies of interventions to improve water quality. To provide context for a series of companion papers proposing alternative assumptions and methods concerning the disease burden and risks from inadequate water, sanitation and hygiene, we summarise evolving methods over previous GBD studies. We also describe an alternative approach using population intervention modelling. We conclude by emphasising the important role of GBD studies and the need to ensure that policy on interventions such as water and sanitation be grounded on methods that are transparent, peer-reviewed and widely accepted.