Comparative toxicity and bioaccumulation of fenvalerate and esfenvalerate to earthworm Eisenia fetida
Comparative toxicity and bioaccumulation of fenvalerate and esfenvalerate to earthworm Eisenia fetida
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氰戊菊酯与高氰戊菊酯对蚯蚓赤子爱胜蚓的毒性及生物蓄积性比较
DOI：
10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.02.010
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Liu Jing
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ye Xiaoqing;Xiong Kang;Liu Jing
手性农药的对映选择性毒性越来越受到人们的关注。然而，手性农药对土壤群落的生态风险评价研究有限。氰菊酯（FV）是一种广泛使用的人工合成拟除虫菊酯，是一种典型的手性农药。FV最具杀虫活性的对映体——埃斯氰戊酸（ESFV）也已上市并广泛使用。本研究评估了FV和ESFV在蚯蚓体内的毒理学敏感性和生物蓄积性。结果表明，与ESFV相比，FV毒性较小，但在蚯蚓体内积累较多。根据滤纸接触毒性试验和人工土壤试验，ESFV对蚯蚓的毒性至少是FV的4倍。在暴露于FV和ESFV的蚯蚓中观察到氧化应激的对映体特异性诱导。FV和ESFV在蚯蚓组织中的生物积累也具有对映选择性，优先积累FV。蚯蚓对ESFV的吸收量低于FV，因此ESFV的生物群土壤积累因子（BSAF）值低于FV。我们的研究结果表明，在评估手性农药对非目标生物的生态风险时，应考虑手性农药的对映选择性毒性和生物累积性。
More attention is being paid to the enantioselective toxicity of chiral pesticides. However, limited investigations have been done to assess the ecological risks of chiral pesticides to soil community. Fenvalerate (FV), an extensively used synthetic pyrethroid, is a typical chiral pesticide. The most insecticidally active enantiomer of FV, esfenvalerate (ESFV), also has been marketed and widely used. In this study, the toxicological sensitivity and bioaccumulation of FV and ESFV in earthworms were assessed. The results showed that FV was less toxic than ESFV, but more accumulated in earthworms. ESFV was at least 4 times more toxic to earthworms than FV according to the filter paper contact toxicity test and the artificial soil test. Enantiospecific induction in oxidative stress was observed in earthworms exposed to FV and ESFV. The bioaccumulation of FV and ESFV in earthworm tissues was also enantioselective, preferentially accumulating FV. The uptake of ESFV by earthworms was lower than that of FV, so that the biota to soil accumulation factor (BSAF) value of ESFV was lower than that of FV. Our findings suggest that the enantioselective toxicity and bioaccumulation of chiral pesticides should be considered for evaluating ecological risks of these compounds to non-target organisms.