The impact of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms on child development: a population-based, 2-year follow-up study
The impact of postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder symptoms on child development: a population-based, 2-year follow-up study
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DOI：
10.1017/s003329171600235x
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发表时间：
2017-01-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Eberhard-Gran, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Garthus-Niegel, S.;Ayers, S.;Eberhard-Gran, M.
背景。在证据非常有限的背景下，本研究旨在前瞻性地研究母亲产后创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状对儿童发展的四个重要领域，即大运动、精细运动、沟通和社会情感发展的影响。这项研究是庞大的、以人口为基础的Akershus出生队列的一部分。采用医院出生记录数据以及产后8周和2年的问卷调查数据（n = 1472）。对与PTSD症状显著相关的儿童发展领域进行回归分析。相互作用分析是为了检验产后创伤后应激障碍症状对儿童发展的影响是否被儿童性别或婴儿气质所缓和。产后创伤后应激障碍症状与2年后儿童社会情绪发展不良有潜在关系。即使在调整了诸如母亲抑郁、焦虑或婴儿性情等混杂因素后，这种关系仍然很重要。儿童性别和婴儿气质均可调节母亲PTSD症状与儿童社会情绪发展的关系，即随着母亲PTSD症状负荷的增加，男孩和难相处气质儿童的社会情绪问题水平相对较高。研究了儿童发展的四个不同领域，我们发现产后创伤后应激障碍症状对2岁儿童社会情感发展的前瞻性影响。我们的研究结果表明，男孩和早期有困难气质的儿童可能特别容易受到产后创伤后应激障碍症状的不利影响。需要进一步的研究来进一步调查其作用机制。
Background. Against the background of very limited evidence, the present study aimed to prospectively examine the impact of maternal postpartum post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms on four important areas of child development, i.e. gross motor, fine motor, communication and social-emotional development.Method. This study is part of the large, population-based Akershus Birth Cohort. Data from the hospital's birth record as well as questionnaire data from 8 weeks and 2 years postpartum were used (n = 1472). The domains of child development that were significantly correlated with PTSD symptoms were entered into regression analyses. Interaction analyses were run to test whether the influence of postpartum PTSD symptoms on child development was moderated by child sex or infant temperament.Results. Postpartum PTSD symptoms had a prospective relationship with poor child social-emotional development 2 years later. This relationship remained significant even when adjusting for confounders such as maternal depression and anxiety or infant temperament. Both child sex and infant temperament moderated the association between maternal PTSD symptoms and child social-emotional development, i.e. with increasing maternal PTSD symptom load, boys and children with a difficult temperament were shown to have comparatively higher levels of social-emotional problems.Conclusions. Examining four different domains of child development, we found a prospective impact of postpartum PTSD symptoms on children's social-emotional development at 2 years of age. Our findings suggest that both boys and children with an early difficult temperament may be particularly susceptible to the adverse impact of postpartum PTSD symptoms. Additional studies are needed to further investigate the mechanisms at work.