A diverse fossil terrestrial arthropod fauna from New Zealand: evidence from the early Miocene Foulden Maar fossil lagerstätte
A diverse fossil terrestrial arthropod fauna from New Zealand: evidence from the early Miocene Foulden Maar fossil lagerstätte
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DOI：
10.1111/let.12106
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发表时间：
2015-07
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
U. Kaulfuss;Daphne E. Lee;B. Barratt;R. Leschen;M. Larivière;G. Dlussky;I. Henderson;A. Harris
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
U. Kaulfuss;Daphne E. Lee;B. Barratt;R. Leschen;M. Larivière;G. Dlussky;I. Henderson;A. Harris
新西兰陆地节肢动物进化史的化石证据非常有限;只有六种前第四纪昆虫（三叠纪至始新世）被记录，没有中新世的。在奥塔哥发现的福登马尔化石已发现了一个多样的节肢动物组合，包括蜘蛛目、鳞翅目、等翅目、半翅目、鞘翅目、膜翅目、毛翅目和双翅目的成员。动物群显着修订了南半球的化石记录，提供了一个无与伦比的洞察到2300万年前的新西兰湖泊/森林古生态系统，并允许在同一时期或之后不久的最大海洋海侵Zealandia在渐新世晚期节肢动物多样性的第一次评估。保存完好的节肢动物主要代表森林地面和落叶栖息地的地面生物分类群，大部分来自现代动物群中仍然存在的亚科和属。它们为新西兰一些陆生节肢动物的古老性提供了精确的化石证据，并为系统发育研究提供了第一个潜在的时间校准。高节肢动物多样性在福登马尔，连同亚热带雨林植物群和化石证据复杂的节肢动物-植物相互作用，表明陆地节肢动物坚持在渐新世海侵的Zealandia。
Fossil evidence for the evolutionary history of terrestrial arthropods in New Zealand is extremely limited; only six pre-Quaternary insects (Triassic to Eocene) have been recorded previously, none of Miocene age. The Foulden Maar fossil lagerstatte in Otago has now yielded a diverse arthropod assemblage, including members of the Araneae, Plecoptera, Isoptera, Hemiptera, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Trichoptera and Diptera. The fauna significantly emends the fossil record for the Southern Hemisphere, provides an unparalleled insight into a 23-million-year-old New Zealand lake/forest palaeoecosystem and allows a first evaluation of arthropod diversity at a time coeval with or shortly after the maximum marine transgression of Zealandia in the late Oligocene. The well-preserved arthropods chiefly represent ground-dwelling taxa of forest floor and leaf litter habitats, mostly from sub-families and genera that are still present in the modern fauna. They provide precisely dated fossil evidence for the antiquity of some of New Zealand's terrestrial arthropods and the first potential time calibrations for phylogenetic studies. The high arthropod diversity at Foulden Maar, together with a subtropical rainforest flora and fossil evidence for complex arthropod–plant interactions, suggests that terrestrial arthropods persisted during the Oligocene marine transgression of Zealandia.