Effects of group behavior in the predatory raid on damselfish nests by the false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus
Effects of group behavior in the predatory raid on damselfish nests by the false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus
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DOI：
10.1111/eth.13242
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发表时间：
2021-10-22
期刊：
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Kuwamura, Tetsuo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sato, Hajime;Sakai, Yoichi;Kuwamura, Tetsuo
假清洁鱼 Aspidontus taeniatus 与蓝纹清洁鱼 Labroides dimidiatus 相似，是脊椎动物中最著名的拟态例子之一。这种拟态系统被视为一种攻击性的拟态咬鱼鳍。然而，最近的实地研究表明，较大的假清洁鱼个体经常结成群体，共同袭击雀鲷的巢穴，吃掉由父母看守的卵。群体行为的好处已在多种动物中得到报道。就假清洁鱼而言，亲代对雀鲷领地的防御是限制营养价值高的食物资源可用性的主要因素。在这里，我们对冲绳岛的珊瑚礁进行了实地观察，发现假清洁鱼在袭击13种雀鲷（Pomacentridae）和1种扳机鱼（Balistidae）的繁殖巢时，会形成2-12只的群体。由于清洁鱼不形成这样的群体，假清洁鱼的摄食群体被认为会降低拟态的有效性。然而，我们的结果表明，群体行为有两个效应：稀释效应，降低被护卵鱼攻击的风险，以及提高觅食效率。我们得出的结论是，假清洁鱼在吃卵期间需要形成觅食群体，因为拟态对亲代雀鲷没有影响。
The false cleanerfish Aspidontus taeniatus, which resembles the bluestreak cleaner wrasse Labroides dimidiatus, is one of the best-known examples of mimicry in vertebrates. This mimicry system has been viewed as an aggressive mimicry to bite fish fins. However, recent field studies have reported that large individuals of the false cleanerfish often form groups and jointly raid damselfish nests to eat eggs that are guarded by their parents. The benefits of group behavior have been reported in a variety of animals. In the case of false cleanerfish, parental defense of territorial damselfishes is the main factor that constrains the availability of nutritionally valuable food resources. Here, we conducted field observations on the reefs of Okinawa, and found that the false cleanerfish formed groups of 2-12 individuals when they raided breeding nests of 13 species of damselfishes (Pomacentridae) and one species of triggerfish (Balistidae). Since the cleaner wrasse does not form such groups, the feeding groups of the false cleanerfish are assumed to reduce the effectiveness of mimicry. However, our results showed that the group behavior has two effects: a dilution effect, which reduces the risk of being attacked by egg-guarding fish, and an increase in foraging efficiency. We conclude that the false cleanerfish need to form foraging groups during egg-eating because the mimicry has no effect on parental damselfishes.