Simultaneous transesterification and esterification for biodiesel production with and without a sulphated zirconia catalyst
Simultaneous transesterification and esterification for biodiesel production with and without a sulphated zirconia catalyst
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DOI：
10.1016/j.fuel.2012.01.031
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发表时间：
2012-07
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
D. Rattanaphra;A. Harvey;Anusith Thanapimmetha;P. Srinophakun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Rattanaphra;A. Harvey;Anusith Thanapimmetha;P. Srinophakun
研究了在无催化剂条件下，用硫酸氧化锆同时催化菜籽油的酯交换反应和10wt%肉豆酱酸与甲醇的酯化反应。在催化剂负荷为3wt%、温度为170℃、压力为22 bar、油与甲醇摩尔比为1:20、搅拌速度为600rpm、搅拌60min的条件下，总FAME的最大含量为86%。在此条件下，游离脂肪酸含量可达2.95% （2.94mg/ml）。热/催化裂解和甘油三酯水解被认为是形成FFA。水也形成了：甲醇脱水可能是主要来源。三组主要反应以明显不同的速率发生。肉豆蔻酸的酯化反应速度最快。随后发生了甘油三酯的直接酯交换反应和甘油三酯热/催化裂解后脂肪酸酯化和甘油三酯水解后脂肪酸酯化的副反应。在整个反应过程中观察到甲醇的脱水，产生恒定的水供应，从而促进水解反应。
Simultaneous catalysed transesterification of rapeseed oil and esterification of 10wt% myristic acid with methanol was studied using sulphated zirconia and in the absence of catalyst. The maximum total FAME content of 86% was obtained at a catalyst loading of 3wt%, temperature of 170°C, pressure of 22 bars, molar ratio of oil to methanol of 1:20 and stirring rate of 600rpm for 60min. At these conditions, FFA was observed to reach 2.95% (2.94mg/ml sol.). Thermo/catalytic cracking and hydrolysis of triglyceride was presumed to form the FFA. Water was also formed: dehydration of methanol is likely to be the principal source. Three sets of main reactions occurred at distinctly different rates. Esterification of myristic acid was the most rapid reaction. Direct transesterification of triglyceride and side-reactions of thermo/catalytic cracking of triglyceride followed by esterification of fatty acid and hydrolysis of triglyceride followed by esterification of fatty acid occurred afterward. Dehydration of methanol was observed throughout the reaction, producing a constant supply of water, thereby facilitating hydrolysis reactions.