Type 3a and type 3b OFF cone bipolar cells provide for the alternative rod pathway in the mouse retina
Type 3a and type 3b OFF cone bipolar cells provide for the alternative rod pathway in the mouse retina
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DOI：
10.1002/cne.21367
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发表时间：
2007-06-20
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Mueller, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mataruga, Anja;Kremmer, Elisabeth;Mueller, Frank
哺乳动物的视网膜提供了几条途径，将光感受器的信息传递给神经节细胞。视锥细胞进入锥体双极细胞，锥体双极细胞分别兴奋神经节细胞。在“经典的”视杆通路中，视杆细胞进入视杆双极细胞，通过所有的无长突细胞为ON和OFF通路提供输入。最近的证据表明，在另一种杆状通路中，杆状细胞直接接触某些类型的锥体外双极细胞。小鼠已成为视网膜研究的重要模型系统。我们在光镜和电子显微镜水平上进行了免疫组织化学分析，以确定参与小鼠视网膜替代视杆通路的双极细胞和神经节细胞。1)我们鉴定了一种新的双极细胞类型，表明类型3的锥体外双极细胞包括两种不同的细胞类型，我们称之为3a和3b。3a型细胞表达离子通道HCN4。3b型双极细胞代表一种迄今未知的细胞类型，可以用抗蛋白激酶A的调节亚单位RIIβ的抗体来识别。2)我们发现3a和3b细胞在锥体蒂和杆状球体上形成扁平接触。3)最后，我们确定了一种节外细胞类型，其树突与3a和3b型双极细胞轴突终末共层状排列。这些新发现的细胞类型代表了哺乳动物视网膜中神经元回路的基础，该回路可能提供另一种快速杆途径。
The mammalian retina provides several pathways to relay the information from the photoreceptors to the ganglion cells. Cones feed into ON and OFF cone bipolar cells that excite ON and OFF ganglion cells, respectively. In the "classical" rod pathway, rods feed into rod bipolar cells that provide input to both the ON and the OFF pathway via All amacrine cells. Recent evidence suggests an alternative rod pathway in which rods directly contact some types of OFF cone bipolar cells. The mouse has become an important model system for retinal research. We performed an immunohistochemical analysis on the level of light and electron microscopy to identify the bipolar cells and ganglion cells that are involved in the alternative rod pathway of the mouse retina. 1) We identify a new bipolar cell type, showing that type 3 OFF cone bipolar cells comprise two distinct cell types, that we termed 3a and 3b. Type 3a cells express the ion channel HCN4. Type 3b bipolar cells represent a hitherto unknown cell type that can be identified with antibodies against the regulatory subunit RII beta of protein kinase A. 2) We show that both 3a and 3b cells form flat contacts at cone pedicles and rod spherules. 3) Finally, we identify an OFF ganglion cell type whose dendrites costratify with type 3a and 3b bipolar cell axon terminals. These newly identified cell types represent the basis of a neuronal circuit in the mammalian retina that could provide for an alternative fast rod pathway.