Regional specialization in pyramidal cell structure in the visual cortex of the galago: An intracellular injection study of striate and extrastriate areas with comparative notes on New World and Old World monkeys
Regional specialization in pyramidal cell structure in the visual cortex of the galago: An intracellular injection study of striate and extrastriate areas with comparative notes on New World and Old World monkeys
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DOI：
10.1159/000085044
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发表时间：
2005-01-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Casagrande, V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Elston, GN;Elston, A;Casagrande, V
最近的研究发现，成年猿类灵长类动物大脑皮层第三层锥体细胞的基底树突结构存在显著差异。特别是，有一致的趋势，锥体细胞的复杂性增加与前进展通过枕颞皮质视觉区。这些锥体细胞结构的差异及其系统性质，被认为对皮层区域内和区域间的视觉处理的特殊方面很重要。然而，尚不清楚这种锥体细胞表型的区域特化是猿类独有的，是灵长类动物独有的，还是在哺乳动物物种中普遍存在的。在本研究中，我们研究了原猴（Otolemur garnetti）的锥体细胞结构。我们发现，就像在猿类中一样，锥体细胞的基底树突在皮层区域之间是不同的。更具体地说，锥体细胞通过初级（V1）、第二（V2）、背外侧（DL）和颞下（IT）视觉区逐渐变得更棘。此外，加拉戈V1的锥体神经元与其他灵长类物种的锥体神经元非常相似，尽管该区域的大小存在很大差异。相比之下，灵长类动物的颞下皮层锥体细胞差异很大。这些数据表明，锥体细胞表型的区域特化可能是猿类和原猿类灵长类共同祖先皮层的一个特征，但特化程度因物种而异。版权所有(C) 2005 S. Karger AG，巴塞尔。
Recent studies have revealed marked differences in the basal dendritic structure of layer III pyramidal cells in the cerebral cortex of adult simian primates. In particular, there is a consistent trend for pyramidal cells of increasing complexity with anterior progression through occipitotemporal cortical visual areas. These differences in pyramidal cell structure, and their systematic nature, are believed to be important for specialized aspects of visual processing within, and between, cortical areas. However, it remains unknown whether this regional specialization in the pyramidal cell phenotype is unique to simians, is unique to primates in general or is widespread amongst mammalian species. In the present study we investigated pyramidal cell structure in the prosimian galago (Otolemur garnetti). We found, as in simians, that the basal dendritic arbors of pyramidal cells differed between cortical areas. More specifically, pyramidal cells became progressively more spinous through the primary (V1), second (V2), dorsolateral (DL) and inferotemporal ( IT) visual areas. Moreover, pyramidal neurons in V1 of the galago are remarkably similar to those in other primate species, in spite of large differences in the sizes of this area. In contrast, pyramidal cells in inferotemporal cortex are quite variable among primate species. These data suggest that regional specialization in pyramidal cell phenotype was a likely feature of cortex in a common ancestor of simian and prosimian primates, but the degree of specialization varies between species. Copyright (C) 2005 S. Karger AG, Basel.