Wispy, the Drosophila homolog of GLD-2, is required during oogenesis and egg activation
Wispy, the Drosophila homolog of GLD-2, is required during oogenesis and egg activation
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.107.084558
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Wolfner, Mariana F.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cui, Jun;Sackton, Katharine L.;Wolfner, Mariana F.
卵激活是修饰成熟的、停滞的卵母细胞以使胚胎发育能够进行的过程。卵子激活的一个关键方面是某些母体mRNA的细胞质聚腺苷酸化，以允许或增强其翻译。在果蝇中，一种细小的母体效应突变在卵到胚胎的转变过程中阻碍了发育。我们在这里显示，该基因编码的GLD-2家族的细胞质聚（A）聚合酶（PAP）的成员。WISP蛋白是卵激活后bicoid、Toll和躯干mRNAS的poly（A）尾延伸所必需的。在果蝇中，WISP和Smaug（SMG）以前曾被报道在卵激活期间需要触发母体mRNA的不稳定。SMG是这项活动的主要监管机构。我们在这里报告，SMG仍然翻译在激活的卵子从突变的母亲，表明WISP不调节mRNA的稳定性，通过控制SMG mRNA的翻译。我们还详细分析了与突变相关的非常早期的发育停滞。原核迁移不发生在激活的卵产下的突变体女性。最后，我们发现，WISP功能也需要在卵子发生过程中，以调节多聚腺苷酸尾长度的dmos在卵母细胞成熟，并保持高水平的活性（磷酸）丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPKs）。
Egg activation is the process that modifies mature, arrested oocytes so that embryo development can proceed. One key aspect of egg activation is the cytoplasmic polyadenylation of certain maternal mRNAs to permit or enhance their translation. wispy (wisp) maternal-effect mutations in Drosophila block development during the egg-to-embryo transition. We show here that the wisp gene encodes a member of the GLD-2 family of cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerases (PAPs). The WISP protein is required for poly(A) tail elongation of bicoid, Toll, and torso mRNAS upon egg activation. In Drosophila, WISP and Smaug (SMG) have previously been reported to be required to trigger the destabilization of maternal mRNAs during egg activation. SMG is the major regulator of this activity. We report here that SMG is still translated in activated eggs from wisp mutant mothers, indicating that WISP does not regulate mRNA stability by controlling the translation of smg mRNA. We have also analyzed in detail the very early developmental arrest associated with wisp mutations. Pronuclear migration does not occur in activated eggs laid by wisp mutant females. Finally, we find that WISP function is also needed during oogenesis to regulate the poly(A) tail length of dmos during oocyte maturation and to maintain a high level of active (phospho-) mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs).