Betahistine dihydrochloride treatment facilitates vestibular compensation in the cat.
Betahistine dihydrochloride treatment facilitates vestibular compensation in the cat.
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二盐酸倍他司汀治疗有利于猫的前庭代偿。
DOI：
10.3233/ves-1995-5106
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发表时间：
1995
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Lacour
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Tighilet;J. Léonard;M. Lacour
前庭系统的单侧损伤会引起姿势运动缺陷，这种缺陷会随着时间的推移而得到补偿。目前使用药物治疗来改善恢复过程并促进前庭代偿。 Betahistine diHClide 是一种组胺样物质，已用于前庭病理学；人们发现它对多种形式的眩晕和前庭相关综合征有效。在动物模型中进行的研究表明倍他司汀诱导前庭核复合体中的神经元调节以及与 H1 和 H3 组胺受体的相互作用。因此，这种物质有可能干扰某些恢复机制并改善行为适应。但目前完全缺乏关于倍他司丁治疗对动物模型前庭代偿影响的数据。本研究的目的是了解倍他司汀在恢复单侧前庭神经切除猫的姿势和运动平衡功能中的药理活性。通过量化猫休息时四腿直立时测量的支撑物的表面反应来评估姿势恢复。使用旋转梁测试来确定运动平衡恢复情况，通过测量猫在术后时间段内的最大表现（最大P.）及其运动速度调节。我们比较了三组猫的静态（姿势）和动态（平衡）功能的恢复情况和时间过程。两个实验组的每日剂量分别为50 mg/kg和100 mg/kg。口服二盐酸倍他司汀直至姿势运动功能完全恢复。一个未经治疗的对照组作为参考。结果显示，术后治疗极大地加速了两个治疗组的恢复过程，与对照组相比，缩短了约 2 周的时间。猫在旋转梁上的最大表现以及运动速度调节与猫支撑表面的术后发育高度相关，表明静态前庭脊髓缺陷的补偿决定了随后的运动平衡恢复。这些行为数据表明，二盐酸倍他司汀构成了一种有用的药物疗法，用于对我们的单侧前庭病变动物模型中的中枢前庭疾病进行对症治疗。倍他司汀术后治疗下前庭代偿的改善（如本文中姿势和运动平衡功能所证明的），从非特异性效应（组胺诱导的警觉水平增加）或更直接的前庭核作用（组胺诱导两侧神经元活动的重新平衡）方面进行了讨论。
Unilateral lesion of the vestibular system induces posturo-locomotor deficits that are compensated for with time. Drug therapy is currently used to improve the recovery process and to facilitate vestibular compensation. Betahistine dihydrochloride is an histamine-like substance that has been employed in vestibular pathology; it was found effective in many forms of vertigo and in vestibular-related syndromes. Investigations performed in animal models have shown betahistine-induced neuronal modulations in the vestibular nuclei complex and interactions with the H1 and H3 histamine receptors. Potentially, this substance is therefore capable to interfere with some recovery mechanisms and to improve the behavioral adaptations. But there is at present a total lack of data concerning the influence of betahistine treatment on vestibular compensation in animal models. The aim of this study was to understand the pharmacological activity of betahistine in the restoration of posture and locomotor balance functions in unilateral vestibular neurectomized cats. Posture recovery was assessed by quantifying the surface reaction of the cat's support as measured while standing erect on its four legs, at rest. Locomotor balance recovery was determined using the rotating beam test, by measuring the maximal performance (max. P.) of the cat and its locomotion speed regulation during the postoperative time period. We have compared the recovery profile and time course of these static (posture) and dynamic (equilibrium) functions in three groups of cats. Two experimental groups were treated at daily doses of 50 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg, respectively. Betahistine dihydrochloride was given orally until complete recovery of posturolocomotor functions. One untreated control group served as the reference. Results showed that postoperative treatment strongly accelerated the recovery process in both treated groups, inducing a time benefit of around 2 weeks as compared to the controls. Maximum performance of the cats on the rotating beam as well as locomotion speed regulation were highly correlated to the postoperative development of the cat's support surface, indicating that compensation of the static vestibulospinal deficits conditioned the subsequent locomotor balance recovery. These behavioral data showed that betahistine dihydrochloride constitutes a useful drug therapy for the symptomatic treatment of central vestibular disorders in our animal model of unilateral vestibular lesion. Improvement of vestibular compensation under betahistine postoperative treatment, as evidenced here for the posture and locomotor balance functions, is discussed both in terms of aspecific effect (histamine-induced increase of the level of vigilance) or more direct action in the vestibular nuclei (histamine-induced rebalance of neuronal activity on both sides).