The impact of elevated CO2 on yield loss from a C3 and C4 weed in field‐grown soybean
The impact of elevated CO2 on yield loss from a C3 and C4 weed in field‐grown soybean
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1365-2486.2000.00364.x
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发表时间：
2000-12
影响因子：
11.6
通讯作者：
L. Ziska
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Ziska
大豆（Glycine max）在环境和增强的二氧化碳（CO2，高于环境+ 250 μL L−1）下生长，有和没有C3杂草（藜，藜）的存在。和C4杂草（反枝苋，反枝苋），为了评估大气二氧化碳浓度[CO2]上升对杂草造成的作物生产损失的影响。给定种类的杂草以每米行两个的密度播种。在任一[CO2]下，相对于无杂草对照，观察到任一杂草物种的大豆种子产量显著降低。然而，对于甜菜而言，随着CO2的增加，大豆种子产量相对于无杂草条件的减少从28%增加到39%，在[CO2]增加的情况下，甜菜的平均干重增加了65%。相反，对于猪草，大豆种子产量损失随着[CO2]从45%增加到30%而减少，猪草的平均干重没有变化。在无杂草的环境中，与环境CO2条件相比，[CO2]升高导致大豆成熟时的营养干重和种子产量显著增加（分别为33%和24%）。有趣的是，任何一种杂草的存在都否定了大豆对增强的[CO2]的植物性或生殖性反应的能力。从这个实验的结果表明：（i）上升[CO2]可以改变目前的产量损失与杂草的竞争;（ii）杂草控制将是至关重要的，在实现任何潜在的增加农业作物的经济产量，如大豆大气[CO2]的增加。
Soybean (Glycine max) was grown at ambient and enhanced carbon dioxide (CO2, + 250 μL L−1 above ambient) with and without the presence of a C3 weed (lambsquarters, Chenopodium album L.) and a C4 weed (redroot pigweed, Amaranthus retroflexus L.), in order to evaluate the impact of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration [CO2] on crop production losses due to weeds. Weeds of a given species were sown at a density of two per metre of row. A significant reduction in soybean seed yield was observed with either weed species relative to the weed‐free control at either [CO2]. However, for lambsquarters the reduction in soybean seed yield relative to the weed‐free condition increased from 28 to 39% as CO2 increased, with a 65% increase in the average dry weight of lambsquarters at enhanced [CO2]. Conversely, for pigweed, soybean seed yield losses diminished with increasing [CO2] from 45 to 30%, with no change in the average dry weight of pigweed. In a weed‐free environment, elevated [CO2] resulted in a significant increase in vegetative dry weight and seed yield at maturity for soybean (33 and 24%, respectively) compared to the ambient CO2 condition. Interestingly, the presence of either weed negated the ability of soybean to respond either vegetatively or reproductively to enhanced [CO2]. Results from this experiment suggest: (i) that rising [CO2] could alter current yield losses associated with competition from weeds; and (ii) that weed control will be crucial in realizing any potential increase in economic yield of agronomic crops such as soybean as atmospheric [CO2] increases.