Dynamic interplay of frontoparietal cholinergic innervation and cortical reorganization in the regulation of attentional capacities in aging.
Dynamic interplay of frontoparietal cholinergic innervation and cortical reorganization in the regulation of attentional capacities in aging.
复制标题
额顶叶胆碱能神经支配和皮层重组在老年注意力调节中的动态相互作用。
DOI：
10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.04.027
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发表时间：
2021-09
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Parikh V
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yegla B;Joshi S;Strupp J;Parikh V
在人类中，皮质重塑与年龄相关的认知变化有关；然而，衰老过程中皮质重塑的机制仍不清楚。在这里，我们研究了轻度胆碱能变薄的前额叶皮质(PFC)和顶叶皮质(PC)对年轻和老年大鼠注意表现相关的皮质活动变化的影响。无论胆碱能修剪如何，前额叶操作都会导致老年大鼠的注意缺陷，但不会导致年轻大鼠的注意缺陷。C-fos表达的体视学评估显示，与年龄相关的枕骨活动减少，而PC活动相应增加，但这些模式与表现无关。PC胆碱能去传入使青年和老年大鼠的PFC募集发生相反的变化。胆碱能修剪翻转PFC/PC胆碱能操作对老年大鼠CaMKII和GAD阳性神经元活动的影响。我们的结果表明，皮质移位取决于多种因素，包括年龄、胆碱能变化和皮质损伤，皮质重组不一定是代偿性的。此外，胆碱能系统调节兴奋/抑制的动态平衡，以提高重组皮质回路的效率，并稳定注意行为。
Cortical remodeling is linked to age-related cognitive changes in humans; however, the mechanisms underlying cortical reorganization in aging remain unknown. Here we examined the consequences of mild cholinergic thinning of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and parietal cortex (PC) on attention performance-associated changes in cortical activity in young and aged rats. Prefrontal manipulation produced attentional deficits in aged but not young rats regardless of cholinergic pruning. Stereological assessment of c-fos expression revealed age-related reductions in occipital activity and a corresponding increase in PC activity, but these patterns did not correlate with performance. PC cholinergic deafferentation produced opposite changes in PFC recruitment between young and aged rats. Cholinergic pruning reversed the effects of PFC/PC cholinergic manipulations on the activity of CaMKII- and GAD-positive neurons in aged rats. Our results indicate that cortical shifts depend on multiple factors including the chronological age, cholinergic changes, and cortical insult, and that cortical reorganization is not necessarily compensatory. Moreover, the cholinergic system modulates excitation/inhibition homeostasis to improve the efficiency of reorganized cortical circuits and stabilize attentional performance.
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