Does contraception modify the risk of endometriosis?
Does contraception modify the risk of endometriosis?
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避孕会降低子宫内膜异位症的风险吗？
DOI：
10.1093/oxfordjournals.humrep.a138093
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
6.1
通讯作者：
P. Crosignani
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
P. Vercellini;G. Ragni;L. Trespidi;S. Oldani;P. Crosignani
一般认为，长时间规律、长时间、大量的月经会增加子宫内膜异位症的风险。由于口服雌激素-孕激素组合减少月经量，宫内避孕器增加月经量，因此可以预期使用这些避孕形式的女性发生子宫内膜异位症的风险会受到影响。对最新流行病学观察结果的分析表明，对使用周期性口服避孕药和子宫内膜异位症之间可能存在的关系没有达成共识，报告了增加，减少和对发展疾病的风险没有影响。仅在两个系列中发现以前使用宫内避孕器者子宫内膜异位症的相对风险较低，其他大多数数据表明风险增加或无影响。需要进一步研究避孕类型与子宫内膜异位症之间的关系，以证明疾病发展的风险是否会受到影响，以及是否可以为不希望生育后代的症状患者提供耐受性良好，相对便宜的长期治疗。
Long episodes of regular, prolonged, abundant menstrual flows are generally agreed to increase the risk of endometriosis. Since oral oestrogen-progestogen combinations reduce and intra-uterine contraceptive devices increase menstrual flow, an effect on the risk of development of endometriosis in women utilizing these forms of contraception could be expected. Analysis of the most recent epidemiological observations shows no consensus on a possible relationship between use of cyclic oral contraceptives and endometriosis, with an increase, a decrease, and no effect on the risk of developing the disease all being reported. A lower relative risk of endometriosis in previous users of the intrauterine contraceptive device was only found in two series, most of the other data suggesting a rise in risk or no effect. Further studies on the relationship between type of contraception and endometriosis are needed to demonstrate whether the risk of development of the disease could be influenced, and whether well tolerated, relatively inexpensive, long-term treatment might be available for symptomatic patients not desiring offspring.