More Than Smell - COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell,Taste, and Chemesthesis
More Than Smell - COVID-19 Is Associated With Severe Impairment of Smell,Taste, and Chemesthesis
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DOI：
10.1093/chemse/bjaa041
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Hayes, John E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Parma, Valentina;Ohla, Kathrin;Hayes, John E.
最近的轶事和科学报告提供了证据，证明COVID-19与嗅觉缺失等化学感觉障碍之间存在联系。然而，这些报告淡化或未能区分对味觉的潜在影响，忽略了化学感觉，并且通常缺乏定量测量。在此，我们报告了多语言国际问卷的开发、实施和初步结果，以评估在COVID-19之前和期间自我报告的3种不同化学感觉模式（嗅觉、味觉和化学感觉）的感知数量和质量。在问卷发布后的前11天，4039名参与者（2913名女性，1118名男性和8名年龄在19-79岁之间的其他参与者）通过实验室检测或临床评估报告了COVID-19诊断。重要的是，与患病前相比，嗅觉、味觉和化学感觉功能都显著降低。差异评分（最大可能变化+/- 100）显示，在COVID-19期间，嗅觉（-79.7 +/- 28.7，平均+/-标准差）、味觉（-69.0 +/- 32.6）和化学审美（-37.3 +/- 36.2）功能的平均降低。嗅觉能力的质变（嗅觉缺失和幻觉）相对罕见，并与嗅觉丧失相关。重要的是，感知到的鼻塞并不能解释嗅觉丧失。此外，化学感觉障碍在实验室测试组和临床评估组的参与者之间相似。这些结果表明，与covid -19相关的化学感觉障碍不仅限于嗅觉，还影响味觉和化学感觉。COVID-19的多模式影响和未察觉的鼻塞表明，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2株（SARS-CoV-2）感染可能破坏感觉神经机制。
Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change +/- 100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 +/- 28.7, mean +/- standard deviation), taste (-69.0 +/- 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 +/- 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis.The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.