Emergence of influenza A viruses
Emergence of influenza A viruses
复制标题
DOI：
10.1098/rstb.2001.0997
复制
发表时间：
2001-12-29
影响因子：
6.3
通讯作者：
Webster, RG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Webby, RJ;Webster, RG
人类大流行性流感是一种由甲型流感病毒或病毒基因片段从动物宿主转移而引起的人畜共患疾病。甲型流感病毒已经从禽类和哺乳动物的宿主中分离出来，尽管主要的宿主是世界上的水禽种群。在水生鸟类中，流感是没有症状的，病毒处于进化停滞状态。水生鸟类病毒不能在人类体内很好地复制，在出现在人类种群之前，这些病毒需要在中间宿主中重新组合或适应。猪可以作为禽流感和人类病毒的宿主，也是中间宿主的合理候选者。20世纪90年代末禽流感H5N1和H9N2病毒直接传播给人类表明，陆上家禽也可以作为流感病毒的中间宿主在水禽和人类之间提供服务。这些传播事件发生在香港，中国进一步支持了亚洲是流感中心的假设，并强调了对该地区生猪和活禽市场进行监测的重要性。
Pandemic influenza in humans is a zoonotic disease caused by the transfer of influenza A viruses or virus gene segments from animal reservoirs. Influenza A viruses have been isolated from avian and mammalian hosts, although the primary reservoirs are the aquatic bird populations of the world. In the aquatic birds, influenza is asymptomatic, and the viruses are in evolutionary stasis. The aquatic bird viruses do not replicate well in humans, and these viruses need to reassort or adapt in an intermediate host before they emerge in human populations. Pigs can serve as a host for avian and human viruses and are logical candidates for the role of intermediate host. The transmission of avian H5N1 and H9N2 viruses directly to humans during the late 1990s showed that land-based poultry also can serve between aquatic birds and humans as intermediate hosts of influenza viruses. That these transmission events took place in Hong Kong and China adds further support to the hypothesis that Asia is an epicentre for influenza and stresses the importance of surveillance of pigs and live-bird markets in this area.