An anatomical investigation of the nasal venous vascular bed in the dog.
An anatomical investigation of the nasal venous vascular bed in the dog.
复制标题
狗鼻静脉血管床的解剖学研究。
作者：
M. A. Lung;J. C. Wang
生理实验表明，犬鼻粘膜有两个静脉系统，其血压和流量不同。对鼻静脉血管床的血管排列和组织学特征进行了研究，以寻找负责其功能分离的解剖结构。发现两个静脉系统中都存在顶叶二尖瓣，在鼻腔的两个末端特别丰富，在鼻甲上较少发现。鼻粘膜的骨膜静脉丛、集合静脉和流出静脉的入口处有开口瓣。发现后静脉系统的集合静脉比前静脉系统的集合静脉大得多，并且包含更多的肌肉。顶骨瓣被认为是负责两个静脉系统功能分离的解剖结构，而开口瓣可能充当节流机制，调节流入海绵状骨膜静脉丛和后静脉系统集合静脉的血流。本文还讨论了静脉瓣存在的生理意义及其在鼻粘膜中的分布，以及后静脉系统集合静脉的可能功能。
Physiological experiments have demonstrated that the canine nasal mucosa has two venous systems that differ in blood pressure and flow. An investigation of the vascular arrangements and histological characteristics of the nasal venous vascular bed was performed to search for anatomical structure(s) responsible for their functional separation. Parietal bicuspid valves were found to be present in both venous systems, being particularly abundant at the two extremities of the nasal cavity and less frequently found over the turbinates. Ostial valves were found to be present guarding the entries of tributaries into the periosteal venous plexus, collecting veins and outflow veins of the nasal mucosa. The collecting veins of the posterior venous system were found to be much larger and to contain a greater amount of muscle than those of the anterior venous system. The parietal valves are suggested to be the anatomical structures responsible for the functional separation of the two venous systems whereas the ostial valves might act as a throttle mechanism, regulating blood flow into the cavernous periosteal venous plexus and the collecting veins of the posterior venous system. The physiological significance of the presence of venous valves and their distribution in the nasal mucosa as well as the probable functions of the collecting veins of the posterior venous system are discussed.